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Chapter 1 the cultural landscape James M. Rubenstein Flashcards

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4430274450Agricultural densityThe ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.0
4430274451Arithmetic densityThe total number of people divided by the total land area1
4430274452BaselineAn East-West line designated under the land ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States2
4430274453CartographyThe science of making Maps3
4430274454ConcentrationThe spread of something over a given area4
4430274455ConnectionsRelationships among people and objects across the barrier of space5
4430274456Contagious diffusionThe rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or Trend throughout a population6
4430274457Cultural ecologyGeographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships7
4430274458Cultural landscapeFashioning of the natural landscape by a cultural group8
4430274459CultureThe body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together concentrate a groups distinct tradition9
4430274460DensityThe frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area10
4430274461DiffusionThe process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another overtime11
4430274462Distance decayThe diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin12
4430274463DistributionThe arrangement of something across Earth's surface13
4430274464Environmental determinismThe nineteenth and early Twentieth Century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws set by human geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was there for the study of how the physical environment cause human activities14
4430274465Expansion diffusionThe spread of a feature or Trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process15
4430274466Formal regionAn area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics16
4430274467Functional regionAn area organized around a node or focal point17
4430274468Geographic information systemA computer system that stores, organizes analyzes, and displays Geographic data18
4430274469Global positioning systemA system that determines the precise position of something on Earth through a series of satellites, tracking stations, and receivers19
4430274470GlobalizationActions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope20
4430274471Greenwich Mean TimeThe time in that zone encompassing the prime meridian, or 0 degrees longitude21
4430274472HearthThe region from which innovative ideas originate22
4430274473Hierarchical diffusionThe spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of Authority or power to other persons or places23
4430274474International Date LineAn arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas.24
4430274475Land ordinance of 1785A law that divided much of the United States into townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers25
4430274476LatitudeThe numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south from the equator26
4430274477LocationThe position of anything on Earth's surface27
4430274478LongitudeThe numbering system used to indicate the location of meridian's drawn on the globe and measuring distance east and west of the Prime Meridian28
4430274479MapA two-dimensional, or flat, representation of Earth's surface or a portion of it29
4430274480Mental mapA representation of a portion of Earth's surface based on what an individual knows about the place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located30
4430274481MeridianAn arc drawn on a map between the North and South Poles31
4430274482ParallelA circle drawn around the globe parallel to the equator and at right angles to the meridians32
4430274483PatternThe geometric or regular arrangement of something in the study33
4430274484Physiological densityThe number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture34
4430274485PlaceA specific point on Earth distinguished by a particular character35
4430274486PolderLand created by the Dutch by draining water from an area36
4430274487PossibilismThe theory that the physical environment May set limits on human actions, but people have the ability to address to the physical environment and choose a course of action from many alternatives37
4430274488Prime meridianThe Meridian, designated at 0 degrees longitude, that passes through the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, England38
4430274489Principal MeridianA north-south line designated in the land ordinance of 1785 to facilitate the surveying and numbering of townships in the United States39
4430274490ProjectionThe system used to transfer locations from Earth's surface to a flat map40
4430274491RegionAn area distinguished by a unique combination of Trends or features41
4430274492Regional studiesAn approach to geography that emphasizes the relationships among social and physical phenomena in a particular study area42
4430274493Relocation diffusionThe spread of a feature or Trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another43
4430274494Remote sensingThe acquisition of data about Earth's surface from a satellite orbiting the planet or from other long-distance methods44
4430274495ResourceA substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and it's socially acceptable to use45
4430274496ScaleThe relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole46
4430274497SectionA square normally one mile on a side. The land ordinance of 1785 divided townships in the United States into 36 sections47
4430274498SiteThe physical character of a place48
4430274499SituationThe location of a place relative to another place49
4430274875SpaceThe physical Gap or interval between two objects50
4430274876Space-time compressionThe reduction in the time it takes to diffuse something to a distant place as a result of improved communication and transportation systems51
4430274877Stimulus diffusionThe spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected52
4430274878ToponymThe name given to a portion of Earth's surface53
4430274879TownshipA square normally 6 miles on a side. The land ordinance of 1785 divided much of the United States into a series of townships54
4430274880Transnational CorporationA company that conducts research, operates factories, and sells products in many countries, not just where its headquarters or shareholders are located55
4430274881Uneven developmentThe increasing Gap in economic conditions between core and periphery regions as a result of the globalization of the economy56
4430274882Vernacular regionAn area that people believe exists as part of their cultural identity57

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