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Chapter 1 vocabulary

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198447392American DreamAn American ideal of a happy successful life, which often includes wealth, a house, a better life for one's children, and, for some, the ability to one day become president
198447393Popular SovereigntyThe right of the majority to govern themselves.
198447394MonarchyA form of government in which power is vested in hereditary kings and queens who govern in the interests of all.
198447395RepublicA government rooted in the consent of the governed; a representative or indirect democracy.
198447396OligarchyA form of government in which the right to parcipitate is conditioned on the possession of wealth, social status, military position, or achievement
198447397Social ContractAn agreement between the people and their government signifying their consent to be governed.
198447398ConservativeOne thought to believe that a government is best that governs least and that big government can only infringe on individual, personal, and economic rights.
198447399DemocracyA system of government that gives power to the people, whether directly or through their elected representatives.
198447400Indirect DemocracyA system of government that gives citizens the opportunity to vote for representatives who will work on their behalf
198447401Governmenta collective of individuals and institutions, the formal vehicles through which policies are made and affairs of state are conducted
198447402LiberalOne considered to favor extensive governmental involvement in the economy and the provision of social services and to take an activist role in protecting the rights of women, the elderly, minorities, and the environment.
198447403Direct Democracya system of government in which the members of the polity meet to discuss all policy decisions and then agree to abide by the majority rule
198447404Political IdeologyThe coherent set of values and beliefs about the purpose and scope of government held by groups and individuals.
198447405Libertarianone who favors a free market economy and no governmental interference in personal liberties
198447406Majority RuleThe central premise of direct democracy in which only policies that collectively garner the support of a majority of voters will be made into law.
198447407PoliticsThe study of who gets what, when, and how -- or how policy decisions are made.
198447408CitizenMember of the political community to whom certain rights and obligations are attached.
198447409Social Contract TheoryThe belief that people are free and equal by God-given right and that in turn requires that all people give their consent to be governed; espoused by John Locke and influential in the writing of the Declaration of Independence.
198447410Personal LibertyA key characteristic of U.S. democracy. Initially meaning freedom from governmental interference, today it includes demands for freedom to engage in a variety of practices free from governmental discrimination.
198447411Political CultureCommonly shared attributes, beliefs, and core values about how government should operate.

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