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| 3701951531 | William Seward | senator from New York who was for anti-slavery, was very religious, and would not compromise. He later became the major rival of Abraham Lincoln for the presidency. When Lincoln won the presidency, he became the Secretary of State. He had a nickname of "Higher Law" due to his religious beliefs in Christianity and unwillingness to compromise on slavery. | 0 | |
| 3701954583 | Edwin M. Stanton | politician who succeeded Simon Cameron as Secretary of War around 1860. He caused a kind of civil war within Congress by opposing Lincoln at almost every turn. This only added to the problems that Lincoln had to deal with during the Civil War. | 1 | |
| 3701956217 | Trent Affair | This was an occurrence where a Union warship stopped a British ship, the Trent, which was taking two confederate officers to England in 1861 from the coast of Cuba. This event angered the British and nearly caused a war with Britain. This shows the separation between North and South at the time and how Britain had leanings toward the South. | 2 | |
| 3701958640 | Robert E. Lee | General of the Confederate troops. Lee was very successful in many battles, but was defeated at Antietam in 1862 when he retreated across the Potomac. This halt of Lee's troops justified Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. Lee was later defeated at Gettysburg by General Mead's Union troops. He eventually surrendered to General Grant at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. | 3 | |
| 3701961121 | Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson | Jackson was Lee's chief lieutenant, killed by own men at Chancellorsville. | 4 | |
| 3701965250 | Ulysses Simpson Grant | Northern general who helped gain victory for the Union. His first successful victories came at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson on the Tennessee and Cumberland rivers in February, 1862 where he earned the nickname "Unconditional Surrender" Grant to go with his initials, U.S. These victories opened a door for the Union to the rest of the south. Eventually Grant was given command of the Union forces attacking Vicksburg. This would be his greatest victory of the war. Grant was made General-in-Chief after several more impressive victories near Chattanooga. Grant's final victory came when he defeated General Robert E. Lee at Richmond and forced him to surrender at Appomattox Court House in Virginia in April 1865. | 5 | |
| 3701967475 | Jefferson Davis | From 1860-1865, Davis was the president of the southern Confederate States of America after their secession from the Union. During this time he struggled to form a solid government for the states. From the beginning, he lacked the power necessary for a strong government because the southerners believed in states' rights. Aside from being sick, he worked hard with solidifying the civil government and carrying out military operations. The truth of the matter is that no one could have pulled it off successfully. | 6 | |
| 3701969468 | George B. McClellan | eneral for northern command of the Army of the Potomac in 1861. He was nicknamed "Tardy George" because of his failure to move troops to Richmond. He lost the battle vs. General Lee near the Chesapeake Bay then Lincoln fired him, twice. He later ran for president in 1864 against Lincoln and lost. | 7 | |
| 3701971027 | William Tecumseh Sherman | herman commanded the Union army in Tennessee. In September of 1864, his troops captured Atlanta, Georgia. He then headed to take Savannah. This was his famous/infamous "March to the Sea." His troops burnt barns and houses, and destroyed the countryside. His march showed a shift in the belief that only military targets should be destroyed. Civilian centers could also be targets. He is famous for his quote, "War is hell." | 8 | |
| 3701974665 | Merrimack | he Merrimack was a former wooden warship turned into an ironclad. The Confederates plated it with iron railroad rails. They renamed it the Virginia. The Virginia easily wrecked Union Navy ships and threatened to destroy the whole Navy. The Confederates later destroyed the ship to keep it from the Union. This marked the end of wooden ships. | 9 | |
| 3701977964 | Monitor | This was a small Union ironclad built in about 100 days to stop the Confederate ship, the Merrimack. The Merrimack, which was a former U.S. wooden warship that destroyed two wooden Union ships in the Chesapeake Bay and threatened the Yankees' plan of blockading all Southern ports. The Union built the Monitor and transported it to the Chesapeake. On March 9, 1862, in 4 hours, the Monitor, or the "Yankee cheese-box on a raft," fought the Merrimack "to a standstill." | 10 | |
| 3701979600 | Thirteenth Amendment | made to forbid slavery, making slavery and involuntary servitude both illegal. This Amendment was ratified in 1865, after the war was over. The South had to ratify it to be readmitted to the Union. | 11 |
