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| 264684521 | Ottomans | Turkic people who advanced from strongholds of Asia Minor, conquered Balkans, captured Constantinople in 1453, established an empire from the Balkans that included most of the Arab world | 0 | |
| 264684522 | Mehmed II | Ottoman sultan that was called the "Conqueror"; destroyed the remains of the Byzantine Empire, and planned a conquest to Constantinople in 1453 | 1 | |
| 264684523 | Janissaries | the imperial armies were dominated by Janissaries(infantry divisions), made up of boys that were from conquered areas such as the Balkans | 2 | |
| 264684524 | vizier | overall head of the imperial administration, and usually had more power than the actual sultan | 3 | |
| 264684525 | Suleymaniye mosque | built in 1550s, designed by the famous architect Sinan, it's among the largest dome structures of the world, one of the greatest achievements of the Islamic civilization | 4 | |
| 264684526 | Suleymaniye the Magnificent | Suleymaniye mosque was built at his command, most successful sultan of Ottoman Empire | 5 | |
| 264684527 | Safavid dynasty | they rose to challenge the Ottoman leadership, originally a Turkic nomadic group, they established Shi'ism, conquered territory and then established a kingdom that is equivalent to modern day Iran | 6 | |
| 264684528 | Safi-al-Din (Sail al-Din) | gave the Safavid Dynasty its name, started a campaign to purify and reform Islam and spread it to Turkic tribes | 7 | |
| 264684529 | Red Heads | name that is associated with Safavid followers because of their red headgear | 8 | |
| 264684530 | Isma'il | Sufi commander that conquered the city of Tabriz in 1501, he was the first safavid to be named emperor | 9 | |
| 264684531 | Battle of Chaldiran | Ottomans had a victory over the Safavid and then went on to gain control of eastern Anatolia | 10 | |
| 264684532 | Abbas I, the Great | Safavid ruler from 1587 to 1629,extended the Safavid to a great extent, created slave regiments with captured Russians, incorporated Western military technology | 11 | |
| 264684533 | padishah | king of kings, Safavid took this grand titles, derived from ancient Persian emperors | 12 | |
| 264684534 | imams | rulers that could trace descent from Ali, according to Shi'ism | 13 | |
| 264684535 | Mullahs | agents of Safavid religious campaign to try and convert all of the population to Shi'ism | 14 | |
| 264684536 | Isfahan | The Savid capital under Abbas the Great | 15 | |
| 264684537 | Nadir Khan Afshar | Made him-self shah after the Safid Empire fell(1736) | 16 | |
| 264684538 | Mughal dynasty | Founded by Babur in 1526 when he invaded India, and he managed to defeated many bigger armies | 17 | |
| 264684539 | Babur | The founder of the Mughal dynasty in India; descendant of the Mongols and Turkic warriors | 18 | |
| 264684540 | Humayan | Son of Babur; and was forced to leave, but re-established Mughal rule in 1556. Died by falling down library steps while carrying books b/c he was late for prayers | 19 | |
| 264684541 | Akbar | Son of Humayan; he is compared to many of the great rulers of history. Good military and administrative ruler, and tried to resolve the differences between Mulsims and Hindu peoples | 20 | |
| 264684542 | Din-i-Ilahi | The religion that Akbar created to combine different faiths together, but it didn't take off as a religion | 21 | |
| 264684543 | Sati | The burning of a widow on her late husband's grave | 22 | |
| 264684544 | Taj Mahal | A tomb built by Shah Jahan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal; the most famous architectural achievement in Mughal India | 23 | |
| 264684545 | Nur Jahan | Wife of Jahangir; gained power in court and put male relatives into the government | 24 | |
| 264684546 | Aurangzeb | Son of Shah Jahan; focused on military and the spread of the empire, and wanted to "purify" Islam of Hindus | 25 | |
| 264684547 | Sikhs | A follower of Sikhism | 26 | |
| 264684548 | Sikhism | The religion that the sikhs practice; doesn't recognize the Hindu caste system or the Brahmanical priesthood. Forbids magic, idolatry and pilgrimages | 27 | |
| 264684549 | Marattas | A Hindu living in central or western India | 28 | |
| 264684550 | jizya | The head-tax on non-Muslims | 29 | |
| 264684551 | shah | King; Sovereign | 30 | |
| 264684552 | Mumtaz Maha | Wife of Shah Jahal; buried in the Taj Mahal | 31 |
