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Chapter 21: The Furnace of Civil War, 1861- 1865 Flashcards

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1064696163At the beginning of the Civil War, President Abe Lincoln favoredquick military action to show the folly of secession
1064696164Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run would lead to the Capture of the Confederate capital atRichmond
1064696165In the Civil War, the South wonthe battle of Bull Run
1064696166The South's victory at Bull Run in 1861reduced enlistments in the South's army
1064696167The Union's defeat in the battle at Bull Run in 1861 was better than a victory because:a. Ulysses S. Grant took command of the army immediately after the setback b. the defeat cause Northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war c. "Stone Wall" Jackson was killed d. It caused Lincoln to declare a war against slavery
1064696168George B. McClellan is best described ascautious
1064696169After assuming command of the Army of the Pontomac, General George McClellan made the mistake ofconsistently believing that the enemy outnumbered him
1064696170As a result of the Union loss in the Peninsula Campaign, Lincoln began todraft the Emancipation Proclamation
1064696171After the peninsula Campaign, Union strategy included the following:a. cutting the Confederacy in half b. Marching through Georgia and the Carolinas c. Blockading the Confederacy's coastline d. Liberating the slaves
1064696172AS a result of the Confederate victory in the Peninsula Campaign, the Union turned to astrategy of total war
1064696173The final Union war strategy included the following components:a. a naval blockade b. undermining the Confederate economy c. seizing control of the Mississippi River d. Capturing Richmond
1064696174Britain did not protest too loudly against the Union blockade of the Confederacy because Britain might want touse a similar blockade in a future war
1064696175The most alarming Confederate threat to the Union blockade came fromthe ironclad Merrimack (the Virginia)
1064696176The Confederate blockade runner, the Merrimack, was destroyed byConfederate soldiers
1064696177After halting Lee's troops at Antietam, General George McClellan wasremoved from his field command
1064696178One of the key developments enabling the Union to stop the Confederate thrust into the North at Antietam wasthe Union's discovery of Robert E. Lee's Battle Plans
1064696179The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soul wereGettysburg and Antietam
1064696180The Battle of Antietam was particularly critical because it probably prevented intervention byBritain and France on behalf of the Confederacy
1064696181The North's "victory" at Antietam allowed President Lincoln to issue theEmancipation Proclamation
1064696182Slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the13th Amendment to the Constitution
1064696183The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of theUnion
1064905893When it was issued in 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation declared free only those slaves instates still in rebellion against the United States
1064905894The following occurred as a result of the Emancipation Proclamation:a. mounting opposition in the North to an "abolition" war b. sharp increases in Union desertions c. heavy congressional defeats for Lincoln's administration d. complaints from abolitionists that it did not go far enough
1064905895During the Civil War, blacks were enlisted by the Union army only afterthe Emancipation Proclamation was issued
1064905896African Americans who fought for the Union army in the Civil War servedbravely and suffered extremely heavy casualties
1064905897The Confederacy enlisted slaves into their armya month before the war ended
1064905898Robert E. Lee decided to invade the North through Pennsylvania in order todeliver a decisive blow that would strengthen the Northern peace movement
1064905899The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because Union victory meant thatthe Southern cause was doomed
1064905900The Union victory at Vicksburg was of major importance because:a. it reopened the Mississippi River to Northern trade b, coupled with the victory at Gettysburg, foreign help for the Confederacy was irretrievably lost c. it helped to quell Northern peace agitation d. it cut off the supply of cattle and other goods from Texas and Louisiana
1064905901One consequence of General William T. Sherman's style of warfare wasa shorter war that saved lives
1064905902The group in the North most dangerous to the Union cause was theNorthern Peace Democrats
1064905903Clement L. Vallandigham, a Southern sympathizer and vocal opponent of the war, was derisively labeled aCopperhead
1064905904In the election of 1864, the Republicans joined with the pro-war Democrats and founded theUnion Party
1064905905In the 1864 election, Abraham Lincoln's running mate wasAndrew Johnson
1064905906In the 1864 election, the Democratic party nominated George McClellan to opposeLincoln's reelection
1064905907The Union army's victory in the capture of Atlanta was probably critical toLincoln's reelection in 1864
1064905908General Ulysses S. Grant's basic strategy in the Civil War involved assailing the enemy's armiessimultaneously and directly
1064905909During the Civil War, Grant lost one to every _____ men, and Lee lost one man to every ____ten, five
1064905910The assassination of Abe Lincoln wasa calamity for the South
1064905911The supreme test of American democracy in the 19th century was theCivil War

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