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Chapter 22 Flashcards

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375012617ZhenotdelWomen's Department of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union from 1919 to 1930; Zhenotdel worked strongly to promote equality for women0
375012618Warsaw Pacttreaty signed in 1945 that formed an alliance of the Eastern European countries behind the Iron Curtain; USSR, Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Poland, and Romania1
375012619StalinRussian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)2
375012620Russian RevolutionThe revolution against the Czarist government which led to the abdication of Nicholas II and the creation of a provisional government in March 19173
375012621PerestroikaA policy initiated by Mikhail Gorbachev that involved restructuring of the social and economic status quo in communist Russia towards a market based economy and society4
375012622National Security StateA complex executive military and secret powers that shaped american international relations in the cold war and largely excluded congress and the public from decisions about the country's security5
375012623McCarthyismThe term associated with Senator Joseph McCarthy who led the search for communists in America during the early 1950s through his leadership in the House Un-American Activities Committee.6
375012624Mao ZedongThis man became the leader of the Chinese Communist Party and remained its leader until his death. He declared the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 and supported the Chinese peasantry throughout his life.7
375012625LeninRussian founder of the Bolsheviks and leader of the Russian Revolution and first head of the USSR (1870-1924)8
375012626Nikita KrushchevLeader of the Soviet union during the building of the Berlin Wall and the Cuban Missile Crisis. He and President Kennedy signed the Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty in 1963, temporarily easing Cold War tensions.9
375012627GuomindangNationalist political party founded on democratic principles by Sun Yat-sen in 1912. After 1925, the party was headed by Chiang Kai-shek, who turned it into an increasingly authoritarian movement.10
375012628GulagA Russian prison camp for political prisoners11
375012629Great PurgesGreat offensive to build socialism and a new socialist personality. Ruthless police terror and massive purging of the communist party, were usually the order of the day12
375012630Great Proletarian Cultural RevolutionThe political campaign launched in 1966 to stop China's drift away form socialism and toward capitalism. The campaign led to massive purges in the Chinese Communist Party, widespread persecution of China's intellectuals, and the destruction of invaluable cultural artifacts. It ended in 1976 after Mao's death and the arrest of some of his most radical followers.13
375012631Great Leap FowardA program Mao Zedong began in 1958 to speed up economic develpoment.14
375012632Mikhail GorbachevSoviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the Cold War and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms (born in 1931)15
375012633GlasnostPolicy of openness initiated by Gorbachev in the 1980s that provided increased opportunities for freedom of speech, association and the press in the Soviet Union.16
375012634Deng XiaopingCommunist Party leader who forced Chinese economic reforms after the death of Mao Zedong.17
375012635Cultural RevolutionCampaign in China ordered by Mao Zedong to purge the Communist Party of his opponents and instill revolutionary values in the younger generation.18
375012636Cuban Missle Crisis(1961) Crises that developed as a result of Cuban dictator Fidel Castro's decision to allow the Soviet Union to base nuclear missiles in Cuba. Upon discovery, the United States confronted the Soviet Union and demanded the missiles be removed. For nearly two weeks, nuclear war was imminent.19
375012637Cominternwas an international Communist organization founded in Moscow in March 1919. The International intended to fight "by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of the international bourgeoisie and for the creation of an international Soviet republic as a transition stage to the complete abolition of the State."20
375012638CollectivizationThe organization of a nation or economy on the basis of collectivism21
375012639Cold WarA conflict that was between the US and the Soviet Union. The nations never directly confronted eachother on the battlefield but deadly threats went on for decades.22
375012640Chinese RevolutionA political revolution in China led by Mao Zedong. After several years of fighting the Kuomintang, the communists won control of the country in 1949.23
375012641Fidel CastroCuban socialist leader who overthrew a dictator in 1959 and established a Marxist socialist state in Cuba.24
375012642Building SocialismEuphemistic expression for the often-forcible transformation of society when a communist regime came to power in a state.25
375012643BolsheviksLed by Vladimir Lenin it was the Russian communist party that took over the Russian goverment during WWI26
375012644Berlin WallIn 1961, the Soviet Union built a high barrier to seal off their sector of Berlin in order to stop the flow of refugees out of the Soviet zone of Germany. The wall was torn down in 1989.27

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