62790494 | Warren Harding | A republican senator who was unclear about where he stood on every issue. He is known for his speech regarding America's hope for a "return to normalcy" | |
62790495 | Fordney-McCumber Tariff Act | Harding increases tariff rates during 1922 | |
62790496 | Bureau of the Budget | procedures for all government expendditures to be placed in a single budget for Congress to review and vote on | |
62790497 | Teapot Dome | in 1924 Congress discovered that Albert B. Fall had accepted bribes for grantin oil leases near Teapot Dome, WY. Daughterty also took bribes for not agreeing to prosecute certain criminal suspects. | |
62790498 | Calvin Coolidge | Election of 1924- Coolidge overwhelming choice for Reps. Silent Cal also believed that "the business of America is business" | |
62790499 | Herbert Hoover | 31st president of the US-- President during the crash of the stock market. Unable to help country get out of the Great Depression. | |
62790500 | Alfred E. Smith | Governor of New York who ran as a Democrat for the 1928 elections against Hoover | |
62790501 | business proseperity | caused by increased productivity, energy technologies, and government policy favoring the growth of big business | |
62790502 | Henry Ford | United States manufacturer of automobiles who pioneered mass production (1863-1947) | |
62790503 | assembly line | Production method that breaks down a complex job into a series of smaller tasks that became popular in the 1920's with Henry Ford | |
62790504 | open shop | a company whose workers are hired without regard to their membership in a labor union. During the 1920's the union movement moved backwards. | |
62790505 | welfare capitalism | when companies provide incentives to build better relationships with employees; health insurance, safety standards, buy stock in the company | |
62790506 | jazz age | new and modern culture of the cities brought North by African Americans | |
62790507 | consumerism: autos, radio, movies | Enabled people from one end of the country to the other to listen to the same programs. the movie industry reached new heights and going to the movies became very popular during the 1920's | |
62790508 | Charles Lindberg | American hero who was the first to fly solo from New York to Paris during the 1920s | |
62790509 | Sigmund Freud | Austrian psychiatrist who stressed the role of sexual repression in mental illness. | |
62790510 | Magaret Sanger | Founder of the modern American birth control movement during the Progressive Movement | |
62790511 | modernism | taught that bible could work hand in hand with Darwin's theory of evolution without abandoning religion | |
62790512 | fundamentalism | taught that every word in the bible must be accepted literally | |
62790513 | revivalists: Billy Sunday; Aimme Semple McPherson | preached a fundamentalist message but did so for the first time making full use of the radio. Sunday attacked drinking gambling, and dancing; McPherson condemned communism and jazz music. | |
62790514 | Gertrude Stein | Writer who referred to the 1920 writers as part of "The Lost Generation" | |
62790515 | Lost Generation | scornful of religion although hypocritcal and bitterly condemning to sacrafices of wartime and perpetrated by money interests | |
62790516 | F. Scott Fitzgerald | a novelist during the jazz age, known for the Great Gatsby | |
62790517 | Ernest Hemingway | writer who expressed disillusionment with the ideals of an earlier time and the materialism of the business orientated culture | |
62790518 | Sinclair Lewis | writer who expressed disillusionment with the ideals of an earlier time and the materialism of the business orientated culture | |
62790519 | Ezra Pound | poet who expressed disillusionment with the ideals of an earlier time and the materialism of the business orientated culture | |
62790520 | T.S. Eliot | poet who expressed disillusionment with the ideals of an earlier time and the materialism of the business orientated culture | |
62790521 | Frank Lloyd Wright | architect who built Empire State Building (1931); "form follows function" | |
62790522 | functionalism | form follows function | |
62790523 | Edward Hopper | 1926 artist who painted Early Sunday Morning: personal cityscapes | |
62790524 | Georgia O'Keeffe | United States painter (1887-1986) | |
62790525 | Harlem Renaissance | a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished | |
62790526 | Countee Cullen | poet during the Harlem Renaissance | |
62790527 | Langston Hughes | African American poet who described the rich culture of african American life using rhythms influenced by jazz music. He wrote of African American hope and defiance, as well as the culture of Harlem and also had a major impact on the Harlem Renaissance. | |
62790528 | James Weldon Johnson | NAACP leader and Harlem Renaissance writer; he also wrote poetry | |
62790529 | Claude McKay | A poet who was a major figure in the Harlem Renaissance movement and wrote the poem "If We Must Die" after the Chicago riot of 1919. | |
62790530 | Duke Ellington | United States jazz composer and piano player and bandleader during the Harlem Renaissance | |
62790531 | Louis Armstrong | Leading African American jazz musician during the Harlem Renaissance; he was a talented trumpeter whose style influenced many later musicians. | |
62790532 | Bessie Smith | African American blues singer who played and important role in the Harlem Reniassance. | |
62790533 | Paul Robeson | United States bass singer and an outspoken critic of racism and proponent of socialism (1898-1976) | |
62790534 | Marcus Garvey | African American leader durin the 1920s who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and advocated mass migration of African Americans back to Africa. | |
62790535 | Scopes trial | a highly publicized trial in 1925 when John Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school (set up) | |
62790536 | Clarence Darrow | Defended John Scopes during the Scopes Trial. He argued that evolution should be taught in schools. | |
62790537 | Prohibition; Volstead Act (1919) | 18th Amendments bans the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages in order to promote a sober workforce but fails and it is ratified in 1919 by the Volstead Act | |
62790538 | organized crime | crime during the 1920;s became bad because of the ban on alcohol. Gangsters such as Al Cappone became widely known and bootlegging became a major problem to enforce. | |
62790539 | immigration quota laws (1921, 1924) | Congress passes two laws in order to limit immigration. Undesirables were persecuted and the immigration from southern and eastern Europe was even more limited. | |
62790540 | Sacco and Vanzetti | two italian anarchists who were convicted and executed in the 1920's. Very controversial whether or not they actually commited the crime. | |
62790541 | Ku Klux Klan | A hate group prevelant in the South that grew in population and membership greatly during the 1920's. | |
62790542 | disarmament | during the 1920's the American presidents tried to promote peace by arranging for weapons to be removed from the countries all over the world in order to prevent another war | |
62790543 | Washington Conference(1921) | hopes to stabilize the size of the US navy relative to that of other powers and to resolve conflicts in the Pacific. | |
62790544 | Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) | renounced the aggressive use of force to achieve national ends | |
62790545 | war debts | During the war, the United States loaned huge amounts of funds to help with the war but the debts took too long to be paid back. Germany had a hard time paying back their debts. | |
62790546 | reparations | Harding and Coolidge insisted GB and Frace pay back every penny of their war debts when they objected germany was required to pay $30 billion in reparations to the Allies. | |
62790547 | Dawes Plan (1924) | U.S. lends money to Germany to help pay reparations |
Chapter 23: A New Era the 1920's
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