AP world history, Hatley
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| 315445179 | Population Revolution | Huge growth in population in Western Europe beginning about 1730; prelude to Industrial Revolution; population of France increased 50 percent, England and Prussia 100 percent. | 0 | |
| 315445180 | Proto-industrialization | preliminary shift away from an agricultural economy; workers became full- or part-time producers who worked at home in a capitalist system in which materials, work, orders, and sales depended on urban merchants; prelude to the Industrial revolution | 1 | |
| 315445181 | American Revolution | rebellion of the British American Atlantic seaboard colonies:ended with the formation of the independent United States | 2 | |
| 315445182 | French Revolution | overthrow of the Bourbon monarchy theough a revolution beginning in 1789; cereated a republic and eventually ended with Napolean's French Empire; the source of many liberal movements and constitutions in Europe. | 3 | |
| 315445183 | Louis XVI | Bourbon ruler of France who was executed during the radical phase of the French Revolution. | 4 | |
| 315445184 | Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen | adopted during the French Revolution; proclaimed the equality of French citizens: became a source document for later liberal movements. | 5 | |
| 315445185 | Guillotine | Introduced as a method of humane execution; utilized to execute thousands during the most radical phase of the French Revolution known as the Reign of Terror. | 6 | |
| 315445186 | Maximillen Robespierre | leader of the radical phase of the French Revolution; presided over the Reign of Terror; arrested and executed by moderate revolutionaries. | 7 | |
| 315445187 | Napolean Bonaparte | army officer who rose in rank during the the wars of the French Revolution; ended the democratic phase of the revolution; became emperor; deposed and exiled in 1815. | 8 | |
| 315445188 | Congress of Vienna | met in 1815 after the defeat of France to restore the European balance of power. | 9 | |
| 315445189 | Liberalism | political ideology that flourished in 19th century western Europe; stressed limited state interference in private life, represenation of the people in government; urged the importance of constitutional rule and parliments. | 10 | |
| 315445190 | Radicals | followers of a 19th century western European political emphasis: advocated broader voting right than liberals; urged reforms favoring the lower classes. | 11 | |
| 315445191 | Socialism | political ideology in 19th century Europe; attacked private property in the name of equality; wanted state control of the means of production and an end to the capitalistic exploitation of the working class. | 12 | |
| 315445192 | Nationalism | European 19th century viewpoint; often allied with other "isms"; urged the importance of national unity; valued a collective identity based on ethnic origins. | 13 | |
| 315445193 | Greek Revolution | rebellion of the Greeks against the Ottaoman Empore in 1820; a key step in the disintegration of the Turkish Balkan Empire. | 14 | |
| 315445194 | French Revolution of 1830 | second revolution against the Bourbon dynasty; a liberal movement which created a bourgeois government under a moderate monarchy. | 15 | |
| 315445195 | Belgian Revolution of 1830 | produced Belgian independee from the Dutch; established a constitutional monarchy. | 16 | |
| 315445196 | Reform Bill of 1832 | British legislation that extended the vote to maost male members of the middle class. | 17 | |
| 315445197 | James Watt | devised a steam engine in the 1770's that could be used for production in many industries; a key step in the Industrial revolution. | 18 | |
| 315445198 | Factory System | intensification of all the processes of production at a single site during the Idustrail revolution; involved greater organization of labor and increased discipline. | 19 | |
| 315445199 | French Revolution of 1848 | overthrew the French monarchy established in 1830; briefly established the second French republic. | 20 | |
| 315445200 | Revolution of 1848 | the nationalist and liberal movements within the Habsburg Empire(Italy,Germany,Austria,Hungary); after the temporary success they were suppresed. | 21 | |
| 315445201 | Louis Pasteur | discoverer of germs and the purifying process named after him. | 22 | |
| 315445202 | Benjamin Disraeli | British politician; granted the vote to working-class males in 1867; an example of conservative politicians keeping stability through reform. | 23 | |
| 315445203 | Camillo di Cavour | architect of Italian unification in 1858; created a constitutional Italian monarchy under the king of Piedmont. | 24 | |
| 315445204 | Otto von Bismarck | conservative prime minister of Prussia; architect of German unification under the Prussian King in 1871; utilized liberal reforms to maintain stability. | 25 | |
| 315445205 | American Civil War (1861-1865) | fought to prevent sucession of the southern states; the first was to incorpaorate the products and techniques of the Indeustrial Revolution; resulted in the abolition of slavery and the unification of the United States. | 26 | |
| 315445206 | Social question | issues relating to workers and women, in western Europe during the industrial revolution; became more critical than the constitutional issues after 1870. | 27 | |
| 315445207 | Karl Marx | German socialist who saw history as a class struggle between groups out of power and those controlling the means of production; preached the inevitability of social revolution and the creation of a proletarian dictatorship. | 28 | |
| 315445208 | Revisionism | socialist though that disagreed with Marx's formulation; belived that social and economic could be achieved through existing political institutions. | 29 | |
| 315445209 | Feminist Movements | sought lagal and economic gains for women, among them equal access to professions and higher education; came to concentrate on the right to vote; won initial support form middle-class women. | 30 | |
| 315445210 | Mass Leisure Culture | an aspect of the later Industial Revolution; decreased time at work and offered opportunities for new forms of liesure time, such as vacation trips and team sports. | 31 | |
| 315445211 | Charles Darwin | biologist who developed the theory of evolution of the species; argued that all living forms evolved through the successful ability to adapt in a struggle for survival. | 32 | |
| 315445212 | Albert Einstien | fromulated mathmatical thories to explain the behavior of planetary motion and the movement of electrical particles; about 1900 issued the theory of relativity. | 33 | |
| 315445213 | Sigmund Freud | Viennese physician who developed the theories of of the workings of human unconscious; argued that the behavior is determined by impulses. | 34 | |
| 315445214 | Romanticism | 19th century western Europe artistic and literary movement; held that emotion and impression, not reason, were the keys to the mysterious human experience and nature; sought to paortray passions, not calm reflection. | 35 | |
| 315445215 | American Exceptionalism | historical argument that the developement of the United States was largely individualisticand that conatact with Europe was incidental to American formation. | 36 | |
| 315445216 | Triple Alliance | alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy at the end of of the 19th century; part of the European balance of power system befor World War 1. | 37 | |
| 315445217 | Triple Entente | agreement between Britain, Russia, and France in 1907; part of the European balance of power system befor World War 1. | 38 | |
| 315445218 | Balkan nationalism | movements to creatye independent states and reunite ethnic groups in the Balkans; provoked crises within the European alliance system that ended with the outbreak of Worl War 1. | 39 |
