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| called for redemption in greenbacks | ||
| devised a plot to drastically raise the price of the gold market in 1869. | ||
| September 24, 1869, the two bought a large amount of gold, planning to sell it for a profit. In order to lower the high price of gold, the Treasury was forced to sell gold from its reserves. | ||
| employed bribery, graft, and fraudulent elections to milk New York of as much as $200 million. (Tweed Ring) Tweed was eventually put into prison. | ||
| erupted in 1872 when Union Pacific Railroad insiders formed the Credit Mobilier construction company and then hired themselves at inflated prices to build the railroad line, earning high dividends. When it was found out that government officials were paid stay quiet about the illicit business, some officials were censured. | ||
| robbed the Treasury of millions in excise-tax revenues | ||
| Secretary of War who resigned after pocketing bribes from suppliers to the Indian reservations | ||
| In response to disgust of the political corruption in Washington and of military Reconstructionwas formed in 1872 | ||
| The Liberal Republican Party met in Cincinnati and chose him, as their presidential candidate for the election of 1872. The Democratic Party also chose Greeley as their candidate. The Republican Party continued to put its support behind President Grant. Grant won the election of 1872. | ||
| Over-speculating was the primary cause to this, with too much expansion had taken place. Too many people had taken out loans of which they were unable to pay back due to lack of profit from where they had invested their money. | ||
| required the government to continue to withdraw greenbacks from circulation and to redeem all paper currency in gold at face value beginning in 1879. | ||
| The Treasury began to accumulate gold stocks against the appointed day for the continuation of metallic money payments. This policy, along with the reduction of greenbacks, was known as | ||
| The Republicans chose him as their presidential candidate for the election of 1876. | ||
| The Democrats chose him In the election, Tilden won the popular vote, but was 1 vote shy from winning in the Electoral College. | ||
| Hayes won presidency in return for an end to to reconstruction, aid to southern industrialization, and withdraw forces from the South | ||
| passed by Congress in 1877, set up an electoral commission consisting of 15 men selected from the Senate, the House of Representatives, and the Supreme Court. It was made to determine which party would win the election. The committee finally determined, without opening the ballots from the 3 disputed states, that the Republicans had been victorious in the disputed ballots from the three states, giving the Republicans the presidency. | ||
| supposedly guaranteed equal accommodations in public places and prohibited racial discrimination in jury selection. The Supreme Court ended up ruling most of the Act unconstitutional, declaring that the 14th Amendment only prohibited government violations of civil rights, not the denial of civil rights by individuals. | ||
| white Democrats who used their political power to oppress the Black community | ||
| small farmers who rented out land from the plantation owners were kept in perpetual debt and forced to continue to work for the owners. | ||
| state-level legal codes of segregation The Southern states also enacted literacy requirements, voter-registration laws, and poll taxes to ensure the denial of voting for the South's black population. | ||
| declaring that separate but equal facilities for blacks were legal under the 14th Amendment. | ||
| a strike that resulted when the presidents of the four major railroads decided to cut employees' wages by 10 percent | ||
| Irish, incited his followers to violent abuse of the hapless Chinese | ||
| People of the West Coast attributed declining wages and economic troubles to the hated Chinese workers. To appease them, Congress passed this, halting Chinese immigration into America. | ||
| was chosen as the presidential candidate for the election of 1880 | ||
| a former Stalwart. James A. Garfield's vice presidential choice | ||
| The Democrats chose Civil War hero | ||
| shot Garfield, but he was insane | ||
| made campaign contributions from federal employees illegal, and it established the Civil Service Commission to make appointments to federal jobs on the basis of competitive examination. It was basically made to stop political corruption. The civil-service reform forced politicians to gain support and funds from big-business leaders. | ||
| was a very honest and admirable man. Cleveland won the election of 1884. | ||
| The Republicans chose him their presidential candidate for the 1888 election. | ||
| the Speaker of the House who took control and intimidated the House to his imperious will. | ||
| aised tariffs yet again and brought more troubles to farmers. Farmers were forced to buy expensive products from American manufacturers while selling their own products into the highly competitive world markets. | ||
| Peoples party who demanded several reforms such as inflation, initiative and referendums, and immigration restrictions | ||
| strikers at Carnegie Homestead who killed ten people and left about 60 wounded | ||
| the Populists nominated candidate | ||
| worst economic downturn for the United States during the 19th Century. It was caused by overbuilding and over-speculation, labor disorders, and the ongoing agricultural depression. | ||
| head of wall street syndicate, lended gold so that the nation could build confidence |
