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| 21784616 | Kingdom of Mataram | controlled interior regions of Java in 17th century; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batabis; weakness of kingdom after 1670s allowed Dutch to exert control over all of Java | 0 | |
| 21784617 | Sepoys | troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India. | 1 | |
| 21784618 | Raj | regional princes in India following collapse of empire; emphasized military control of their regions. | 2 | |
| 21784619 | Plassey (1757) | battle between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Siraj ud-daula, ruler of Bengal; British victory resulted in control of northern India. | 3 | |
| 21784620 | Robert Clive | architect of British victory at Plassey; established foundations of British Raj in northern India. | 4 | |
| 21784621 | Presidencies | three districts that made up the bulk of the directly ruled British territories in india; capitals at madras, calcutta, and bombay. | 5 | |
| 21784622 | Princely states | domains of indian princes allied with the british raj; agents of east india company were stationed at the rulers' courts to ensure compliance; made up over one third of the british indian empire. | 6 | |
| 21784623 | Nabobs | name given to british representatives of the east india company who went briefly to india to make fortunes through graft and exploitation. | 7 | |
| 21784624 | Charles Cornwallis | reformer of the east india company administration of india in the 1790s; reduced power of local british administrators; checked widespread corruption. | 8 | |
| 21784625 | Isandhlwana (1879) | location of battle fought in 1879 between the british and zulu armies in southern africa; resulted in defeat of british; one of few victories of african forces over western europeans. | 9 | |
| 21784626 | Tropical dependencies | . | 10 | |
| 21784627 | White dominions | colonies in which european settlers made up the overwhelming majority of the population; small numbers of native inhabitants were typically reduced by disease and wars of conquest; typical of british holdings in north america and australia with growing independence in the 19th century. | 11 | |
| 21784628 | Settler colonies | areas that were both conquered by european invaders and settled by large numbers of european migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent home and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants. | 12 | |
| 21784629 | White racial supremacy | belief in the inherent mental, moral, and cultural superiority of whites; peaked in acceptance in decades before world war 1; supported by social science doctrines of social darwinists. | 13 | |
| 21784630 | Great Trek | movement of boer settlers in cape colony of southern africa to escape indluence of british colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of orange river and natal. | 14 | |
| 21784631 | Boer republics | transvaal and orange free state in southern africa; established to assert independence of boers from british colonial government in cape colony in 1850s; discovery of diamonds and precious metals caused british migration into the boer areas. | 15 | |
| 21784632 | Cecil Rhodes | . | 16 | |
| 21784633 | Boer War (1899-1902) | fought between 1899 and 1902 over the continued independence of boer republics; resulted in british victory, but began the process of decolonization in southern africa. | 17 | |
| 21784634 | James Cook | made voyages to hawaii from 1777 to 1779 resulting in opening of islands to the west; convinced Kamehameha to establish unified kingdom in the islands. | 18 | |
| 21784635 | Kamehameha | fought series of wars backed by british weapons and advisors resulting in unified hawaiian kingdom by 1810; as king he promoted economic change encouraging western merchants to establish export trade in hawaiian goods. | 19 | |
| 21784636 | Great Mahele | . | 20 |
