Chapter 26, "The Muslim Empires," from the text book, "World Civilizations."
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| 326783815 | Ottomans and Safavid | the two empires to the west that were founded by warrior leader | 0 | |
| 326783816 | Mughal Empire | The last of the three muslim empire to be established. The empire of Babur. | 1 | |
| 326783817 | Ottoman Empire | built their empire based on Anatolia. They had advanced from their strongholds in Asia Minor to the Bosporus straits of Europe by the 1350s. oThey soon defeated and pillaged the Byzantine capital of Constantinople, and conquered most of the Arab world. | 2 | |
| 326783818 | Mehmed 2: | "The Conqueror;" an Ottoman sultan who led them to the conquering of Constantinople in the spring of 1453. | 3 | |
| 326783819 | 19th century | The Ottomans remained a world power until this century. | 4 | |
| 326783820 | Janissaries | men recruited as adolescent boys from conquered areas, such as the Balkans, whose populations were mostly Christian. These men, though slaves, had a great opportunity for advancement, and came to control the most important part of the Ottoman military. By the mid-16thcentury they had the power to decide a sultan's next successor. | 5 | |
| 326783821 | Sail-Al-Din | gave the Safavid dynasty its name in the 14th century and began a militant campaign to purify and reform Islam and spread Muslim teachings among the Turkic tribes of the region. | 6 | |
| 326783822 | Red Heads | Safavids' followers, because of their distinctive head gear. They preached Shi'a doctrine in the 15th century. | 7 | |
| 326783823 | Ismậ'il | a Sufi leader who survived after the Sultan's successors had all died. He led his Turkic followers to a thread of battle victories. He conquered most of Persia. | 8 | |
| 326783824 | Chaldiran | a place in northwest Persia where the Shi'a and Sunni armies fought. | 9 | |
| 326783825 | Abbas the Great | (Shah Abbas) The Safavid Empire reached the height of its prosperity and strength during the reign of this man. (r. 1587-1629) | 10 | |
| 326783826 | Imams | The predecessors of of Ismậ'il who claim descendence from Ali. | 11 | |
| 326783827 | Mullahs | Local mosque officials and prayer leaders who were overseen by the state and often given support by it. | 12 | |
| 326783828 | Isfahan | the capital of the Safavid Empire and the seat of the emperor which was set out in a square, which was lined with two-story shops interspersed with great mosques, government offices, etc. | 13 | |
| 326783829 | Nadir Khan Afshar | the "champion of Safavid restoration" who proclaimed himself shah in 1736. He didn't really bring restoration. | 14 | |
| 326783830 | Babur | the leader of the Ottoman dynasty who conquered in order to gain access to fertile and heavily populated lands in the northern plains of India, in order to get booty to finance his lost kingdom, Ferghana. | 15 | |
| 326783831 | Humayan | Babur's son who inherited the new kingdom after the surprising death of his father. | 16 | |
| 326783832 | Akbar | the successor to Humayan, after his sudden death. He was only13 years old when he ascended the throne and turned out to be one of the greatest leaders of all time. | 17 | |
| 326783833 | Din-i-Ilahi | the religion that Akbar invented, hoping it would unite his Hindu and Muslim subjects. | 18 | |
| 326783834 | Aurangzeb | -the Mughal emperor who succeeded Shah Jahan. -religious zealot -scolded his favorite daughter for appearing in his presence in garments that revealed so much of her body (she was wearing 3 layers of cotton). | 19 | |
| 326783835 | Taj Mahal | one of the great architectural structures created during this era. | 20 | |
| 326783836 | Nur Jahan | the wife of Jahangir, who began to amass power as his husband became more and more addicted to wine and opium. She was a big spender and died giving birth to her 19th child. | 21 | |
| 326783837 | Mumtaz Mahal | Shah Jahan's consort who became actively involved in court politics. The Taj Mahal was built for her, and is where she is buried. | 22 | |
| 326783838 | Marattas | people in western India who mounted rebellions against Aurangzeb and put an end to effective Mughal control over large areas. | 23 | |
| 326783839 | Sikhs | one of the new sects that arose from the northwest, which further strained the declining resources of the overextended Mughal Imperial system. | 24 |
