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| 351020524 | Selim III | Sultan who ruled Ottoman Empire, internal reforms caused toppling by Janissaries in 1807 | 0 | |
| 351020525 | Mahmud II | Ottoman sultan who built a private, professional army and crushed the Janissary corps' military and political influence with it. | 1 | |
| 351020526 | Tanzimat Reforms | Radical reforms in the Ottoman empire that included university education, communication systems, and a European-style constitution. | 2 | |
| 351020527 | Abdul Hamid | Attempted to roll back the Tanzimat Reforms and reinstitute an absolute monarchy in 1878. | 3 | |
| 351020528 | Young Turks | Opposition group that wished to return to the Tanzimat style government | 4 | |
| 351020529 | Mamluks | Muslim slave warriors who established a dynasty in Egypt | 5 | |
| 351020530 | Muhammad Ali | Albanian officer who became Egypt's leader but was prevented from overthrowing the Ottoman Empire by the opposition of European powers | 6 | |
| 351020531 | Khedives | Muhammad's successors who allowed the Ayan to have their way and produce cotton; then indebted by European financiers who had a share in the Suez Canal | 7 | |
| 351020532 | Suez Canal | European financiers had a share in it and the importance of it for Britain and France stimulated political involvement. | 8 | |
| 351020533 | Al-Afghani | Stressed the importance of the tradition of rational inquiry in Islamic history; urged adoption of Western scientific knowledge and technology. | 9 | |
| 351020534 | Muhammad Abduh | Disciple of al-Afghani; Muslim thinker at end of 19th century; stressed need for adoption of Western scientific learning and technology, recognized importance of tradition of rational inquiry` | 10 | |
| 351020535 | Ahmad Orabi | Student of Muhammad Abduh; led revolt in 1882 against Turkish influence in Egyptian army; forced Khedive to call on British army for support | 11 | |
| 351020536 | Mahdi | Represented a more traditionalist local government, leader of late 19th century revolt against Egyptians and British in the Sudan | 12 | |
| 351020537 | Khalifa Abdallahi | Successor of Muhammad Achmad; state disintegrated when he was killed | 13 | |
| 351020538 | Nurhaci | Architect of Manchu unity | 14 | |
| 351020539 | Kangzi | Probably the greatest emperor in Chinese history. Ruled during the Qing dynasty and worked almost all the time to make China better. | 15 | |
| 351020540 | Compradors | Wealthy new group of Chinese merchants under the Qing dynasty; specialized in the import-export trade on China's south coast; one of the major links between China and the outside world | 16 | |
| 351020541 | Lin Zexu | Distinguished Chinese official charged with stamping out opium trade in southern China; ordered blockade of European trading areas in Canton and confiscation of opium; sent into exile following the Opium War | 17 | |
| 351020542 | Opium War | War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories. The victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China. | 18 | |
| 351020543 | Taiping rebellion | The most destructive civil war before the twentieth century. A Christian-inspired rural rebellion threatened to topple the Qing Empire. | 19 | |
| 351020544 | Cixi | Ultraconservative empress in Qing (Manchu) dynasty China. Ruled china in the turbulent late 19th century, not as a true Empress but as an Empress Dowager. | 20 | |
| 351020545 | Boxer Rebellion | A 1900 Uprising in China aimed at ending foreign influence in the country. | 21 | |
| 351020546 | Puyi | Last emperor of China; deposed as emperor while still a small boy in 1912 | 22 |
