Blue Book ID's
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| 348975217 | Western Front | Unbroken line of troops extending over 300 miles from the North Sea to the border of Switzerland. The soldiers built a complex network of trenches to protect themselves from the deadly stream of bullets from the machine guns. | 0 | |
| 348975218 | Faisal | son of the prince of Mecca, Hussein ibn Ali. Led an Arab army in support of the British advance from Egypt into Palestine and Syria. (Arab revolt of 1916 did not affect the struggle in Europe, but it did contribute to the defeat of the Ottoman Empire) | 1 | |
| 348975219 | Theodore Herzl | led a nationalist movement called Zionism, by the early twentieth century. (Movement for the Jews who wanted to return to their ancestral homeland in Palestine) | 2 | |
| 348975220 | Balfour Declaration | "His Majesty's Government view with favour the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people and will use their best endeavours to facillitate the achievement of that object, it being clearly understood that nothing shall be done which may prejudice the civil and religious rights of existing non-Jewish communities in Palestine"- Foreign Secretary Sir Arthur Balfour | 3 | |
| 348975221 | Nationalism | Patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts. An extreme form of this, especially marked by a feeling of superiority over other countries. | 4 | |
| 348975222 | Bolsheviks | rivals of the Mensheviks (advocated electoral politics and reform in the tradition of European socialists and had a large following among intellectuals and factory workers). Small but tightly disciplined group of radicals obedient to the will of their leader | 5 | |
| 348975223 | Vladimir Lenin | Leader of the Bolsheviks 1870-1924 | 6 | |
| 348975224 | Trenches | Pits several fit deep dug by soldiers to protect themselves from the enemy's bullets. Connected by tunnels to communication pits, and protected on the top by sandbags. | 7 | |
| 348975225 | Woodrow Wilson | President, kept the United States neutral and tried to persuade the belligerents to compromise for over 3 years. Asked congress to declare war on Germany on April 6, 1917 after the Germans tried to starve Britain. | 8 | |
| 348975226 | League of Nations | world organization to safeguard the peace and foster international cooperation, proposed by Wilson. | 9 | |
| 348975227 | Treaty of Versailles | signed June 28, 1919. Affected Germany by: Germany forbidden to have an air force and was permitted only a token army and navy; Gave up large parts of its eastern territory to Poland; promise to pay reparations to compensate the victors for their losses, but without a set a figure or a period of time for payment; "guilt clause" built in that put all the responsibility of blame on Germany for the war. | 10 | |
| 348975228 | Leon Trotsky | Army commander of the Communists, led the Red Army to victory | 11 | |
| 348975229 | New Economic Policy | allowed peasants to own land and sell their crops, private merchants to trade, and private workshops to produce goods and sell them on the free market. Only the biggest businesses, such as banks, railroads, and factories remained under government ownership. (announced March 1921 by Lenin) | 12 | |
| 348975230 | Sun Yat-sen | led the Revolutionary Alliance (a.k.a. Sun Zhongshan). His ideas were a mixture of nationalism, socialism, and Confucian philosophy. His patriotism, powerful ambition, and tenacious spirit attracted a large following. | 13 | |
| 348975231 | Goumindang | Political Party organized by Sun means "National People's party" | 14 | |
| 348975232 | Chiang Kai-shek | When Sun died in 1925, leadership of his party passed to Jiang Jieshi, (1887-1975) | 15 | |
| 348975233 | Mandate system | colonial rulers would administer the territories but would be accountable to the League of Nations for "the material and moral well-being and the social progress of the inhabitants"(Arranged at the Paris Peace Conference) | 16 | |
| 348975234 | Submarines | ships used by German navies to serve as a blockade to starve the British during World War 1. | 17 | |
| 348975235 | Margaret Sanger | American advocate for contraception. (1883-1966), Her campaign brought her into conflict with the authorities, who equated birth control with pornography, not until 1923 was she able to set up a birth control clinic in New York. French prohibited contraception and abortion to increase birth rates. Russian communists were the only ones to allow abortion. | 18 | |
| 348975236 | Max Planck | 1900, German physicist found; found that atoms emit or absorb energy into discrete amounts, called quanta. | 19 | |
| 348975237 | Albert Einstein | 1879-1955 another German physicist. In 1916, he announced that not nly is matter made of insubstantial particles, but that time, space, and mass are not fixed but are relative to one another. | 20 | |
| 348975238 | Wilbur and Orville Wright | in 1903 these brothers built the first aircraft that was heavier than air and could be maneuvered in flight. Enchanted the people whenever airplanes were thought of. (three famous American Pilots: Amelia Earhart, Richard Byrd fly over North Pole, and charles Linbergh, the first person to fly alone across the Atlantic in 1927) | 21 | |
| 348975239 | Radio | "wireless telegraphy", first commercial station began broadcasting in Pittsburgh in 1920. In 1930 over 12 million homes owned radio receivers. | 22 |
