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| An alignment of cytoskeletal elements and the Golgi-derived vesicles that form across the midline of a dividing plant cell. | ||
| A durable polymer that covers exposed zygotes of charophyte algae and forms the wall of plant spores, preventing them from drying out. | ||
| A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte; characteristic of plants and some algae. Where one generation gives rise to the other. | ||
| In organisms that have alteration of generations the multicellular haploid form that produces haploid gametes by mitosis. The haploid gametes unite and develop into sporophytes. | ||
| In organisms that have alternation of generations, the multicellular diploid from that results from the union of gametes. Produces haploid spores by meiosis that develop into gametophytes. | ||
| In the life cycle of a plant or alga undergoing alternation of generations, a haploid cell produced in the sporophyte by meiosis. It can divide by mitosis to develop into a multicellular haploid individual, the gametophyte, without fusing with another cell. | ||
| A plant cell that enhances the transfer of nutrients from parent to embryo | ||
| An alternate name for land plants that refers to their shared derived trait of multicellular, dependent embryos. | ||
| A multicellular organ in plants in which meiosis occurs and haploid cell develop. | ||
| A diploid cell. also known as a spore mother cell, that undergoes meiosis and generates haploid spores. | ||
| Multicellular plant structures in which gametes are formed. | ||
| The female gametangium. A moist chamber in which gametes develop. | ||
| The male gametangium. A moist chamber in which gametes develop. | ||
| Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and the buds of shoots. The dividing cell enables the plant to grow in length. | ||
| A waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that acts as an adaptation to prevent desiccation in terrestrial plants. | ||
| Plant tissue consisting of cells joined into tubes that transport water and nutrients throughout the plant body | ||
| A plant with vascular tissue that includes all living plant species except mosses, liverworts, and hornworts | ||
| An informal name for a moss, liverwort, or hornwort; a nonvascular plant that lives on land but lacks some of the terrestrial adaptations of vascular plants | ||
| An informal name for a member of the phylum Lycophyta, which includes club mosses, spike mosses, and quillworts. | ||
| An informal name for a member of the phylum Pterophyta, which includes ferns, horsetails, and whisk ferns and their relatives. | ||
| An informal name for a plant that has vascular tissue but lacks seeds. They form a paraphyletic group that includes the phyla Lycophyta and Pterophyta. | ||
| A group of organisms that share the same level of organizational complexity or share a key adaptation | ||
| An adaption of some terrestrial plants consisting of an embryo packaged along with a store of food within a protective coat. | ||
| A vascular plant that bears naked seeds-seeds not enclosed in specialized chambers | ||
| A flowering plant, which forms seeds inside a protective chamber called an ovary. Make up nearly 90% of all living plants | ||
| A small, herbaceous nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum Hepatopyhta. | ||
| A small, herbaceous nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum Anthocerophyta. | ||
| A small, herbaceous nonvascular plant that is a member of the phylum Bryophyta. | ||
| A mass of green, branched, one-cell-thick filaments produced by germinating moss spores | ||
| The mature gamete-producing structure of a moss gametophyte. | ||
| A long, tubular single cell or filament of cells that anchors bryophytes to the ground. Unlike roots, they are not composed of tissues, lack specialized conducting cells, and do not play a primary role in water and mineral absorption | ||
| The portion of a bryophyte sporophyte that gathers sugars, amino acids, water, and minerals from the parent gametophyte via transfer cells. | ||
| The elongated stalk of a bryophyte sporophyte. | ||
| The sporangium of a bryophyte. | ||
| A ring of interlocking, tooth-like structures on the upper part of a moss capsule (sporangium). Often specialized for gradual spore discharge, | ||
| A microscopic pore surrounded by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems that allows gas exchange between the environment and the interior of the plant. | ||
| Extensive deposits or partially decayed organic material formed primarily from the wetland moss Sphagnum. | ||
| Vascular plant tissue consisting mainly of tubular dead cells that conduct most of the water and minerals upward from the roots to the rest of the plant. | ||
| A long, tapered water-conducting cell found in the xylem of nearly all vascular plants, the ones that are functioning are no longer living. Tube shaped cells that carry water and minerals up from the roots. | ||
| A hard material embedded in the cellulose matrix of of vascular plant cell walls that provides structural support in terrestrial species. | ||
| Vascular plant tissue consisting of living cells arranged into elongated tubes that transport sugar and other organic nutrients throughout the plant. | ||
| Plant organs that absorb water and nutrients from the soil and anchors vascular plants. | ||
| In lycophytes, a small leaf with a single unbranched vein. | ||
| A leaf with with a highly branched vascular system, characteristic of the vast majority of vascular plants. Larger surface area as result. | ||
| A modified leaf that bears sporangia and hence is specialized for reproduction. Vary greatly in structure. | ||
| A cluster of sporangia on a fern sporophyll. They may be arranged in various patterns, such as parallel lines or dots,which are useful in fern identification. | ||
| The technical term for a cluster of sporophylls known commonly as a cone. Found in most gymnosperms and some seedless vascular plants. | ||
| Referring to a plant species that has a single kind of spore, which typically develops into a bisexual gametophtye. | ||
| Referring to a plant species that has two kinds of spores: microspores, which develop into male gametophytes, and megaspores, which develop into female gametophytes. | ||
| A spore from a heterosporous plant species that develops into a female gametophyte. | ||
| A spore from a heterosporous plant species that develops into a male gametophytes. | ||
| The main photosynthetic organ of vascular plants. Increase the surface area of the plant body. |
