Terms : Hide Images
| 214601125 | Columbian Exchange | The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, and technologies between the Americas and the rest of the world following Columbus's voyages. | |
| 214601126 | Gold Coast | Region of the Atlantic coast of West Africa occupied by modern Ghana, named for its gold exports to Europe from the 1470s onward. | |
| 214601127 | Renaissance | The great period of rebirth in art, literature, and learning in the 14th-16th centuries, which marked the transition into the modern periods of European history. | |
| 214601128 | Reconquista | The Reconquering of Spain from the Muslims in 1492 by Ferdinand and Isabella. This unified Spain into a powerful nation-state. | |
| 214601129 | Ferdinand & Isabella | The king and queen of Spain who gave Columbus the funds that he needed to find a route to Asia. | |
| 214601130 | Enclosure Movement | The process by which British landlords consolidated or fenced in common lands to increase the production of cash crops. The Enclosure Acts led to an increase in the size of farms held by large landowners. | |
| 214601131 | Market economy | An economic system in which people choose freely what to buy and sell. | |
| 214601132 | Joint-stock company | A company made up of a group of shareholders. Each shareholder contributes some money to the company and receives some share of the company's profits and debts. | |
| 214601133 | Protestant Reformation | Religious movement of the 16th century that began as an attempt to reform the Roman Catholic Church and resulted in the creation of Protestant church. | |
| 214601134 | Henry VIII | English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage. | |
| 214601135 | Separatists | Sub-group of the Puritans who vowed to break completely with the Church of England, also known as pilgrims. | |
| 214601136 | Pilgrims | English Puritans who founded Plymouth colony in 1620. | |
| 214601137 | Mayflower Compact | A document written aboard the Mayflower by the Pilgrims, establishing themselves as a political society and setting guidelines for self-government. | |
| 214601138 | Squanto & Samoset | Native Americans who helped teach the Plymouth colonists about farming. | |
| 214601139 | Puritans | A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay. | |
| 214601140 | Anglicans | Belonged to church of England and came to America, "purified" version of Catholics. | |
| 214601141 | Conversion experience | An experience to turn one towards God and away from sin, to search to understand and to do what God desires. | |
| 214601142 | Prince Henry the Navigator | Prince of Portugal who established a school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire. | |
| 214601143 | Trans-Atlantic slavery | The time period of when African slaves were brought to the new European colonies of North America. | |
| 214601144 | Christopher Columbus | Italian explorer who sailed to the Caribbean trying to find a western route to Asia. | |
| 214601145 | Treaty of Tordesillas | Boundaries established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas. | |
| 214601146 | Vasco da Gama | Portuguese explorer who sailed around Africa to India. | |
| 214601147 | John Cabot | Italian-born navigator who claimed the coast of New England, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland for England. | |
| 214601148 | Vasco Nunez de Balboa | Spanish explorer who led an expedition across Panama and discovered the Pacific Ocean. | |
| 214601149 | Cortes & Pizarro | Conquered the great American empires, the Aztecs and Incas. | |
| 214601150 | Encomienda system | System in Spanish America that gave settlers the right to tax local Indians and demand their labor in exchange for protecting them. | |
| 214601151 | Columbian Exchange | The global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases that occurred during the European colonization of the Americas. | |
| 214601152 | St. Augustine | First Spanish settlement, established in Florida. | |
| 214601153 | Northwest Passage | The supposed "all water" route that cut across North America and connected the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. | |
| 214601154 | Samuel de Champlain | French explorer in Nova Scotia who established Quebec. | |
| 214601155 | Spanish Armada | The great fleet sent from Spain against England by Philip II in 1588 who were defeated by the English. | |
| 214601156 | Elizabeth I | Reestablished Protestantism as the state religion of England and she led the defeat of the Spanish Armada. | |
| 214601157 | Roanoke Colony | Also called the "Lost Colony." It was funded by Sir Walter Raleigh and disappeared when the ships came back after the Spanish Armada attack. | |
| 214601158 | Virginia Company of London | Joint-stock company that sent English settlers to Jamestown. | |
| 214601159 | John Smith | Helped to found and govern Jamestown. His leadership helped the Virginia colony get through the difficult first winter. | |
| 214601160 | Powhatan | The Native American tribe that helped the Jamestown colony. They taught them how to plant crops and how to survive. | |
| 214601161 | John Rolfe | He brought tobacco to Jamestown, which saved this colony from failing, and he also was married to Pocahontas | |
| 214601162 | Starving Time | (1609-1610) Jamestown settlers starved because they had not planted crops. | |
| 214601163 | Pocahontas | Daughter of Chief Powhatan, who acted as an intermediary between settlers and the Native Americans. | |
| 214601164 | Headright system | The Virginia Company's system in which settlers and the indentured servants who came with them each received 50 acres of land. | |
| 214601165 | Opechancanough | Chief of the Powhatan after Chief Powhatan died who was angry that the English were taking the Native Americans land. He lead an attack against the settlers. | |
| 214601166 | Virginia General Assembly | Founded in 1619, it was the first elected legislative body in English America giving settlers the opportunity to control their own government. | |
| 214601167 | House of Burgesses | The first official legislative assembly in the colonies. | |
| 214601168 | New Netherland | A colony founded by the Dutch in the New World. It became New York after England took over. |
