Terms : Hide Images
| anything that takes up space and has mass | ||
| a substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions | ||
| a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio | ||
| an element indispensable for life but required in extremely minute amounts | ||
| the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element | ||
| particles inside an atom (protons, neutrons, electrons) | ||
| a subatomic particle having no electrical charge (electrically neutral) with a mass of about 1.7 * 10^-24 g, found in the nucleus of the atom | ||
| a subatomic particle with a single positive electrical charge, with a mass of about 1.7 * 10^-24 g, found in the nucleus of the atom | ||
| a subatomic particle with a single negative electrical charge and a mass about 1/2000 that of a neutron or proton. One or more electrons move around the nucleus of an atom | ||
| an atom's dense central core, containing protons and neutrons | ||
| a measure of mass for atoms and subatomic particles; the same as the atomic mass unit or amu | ||
| the number in the nucleus of an atom, unique for each element and designated by a subscript to the left of the elemental symbol | ||
| the sum of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom | ||
| the total mass of an atom, which is the mass in grams of 1 mole of the atom | ||
| one of several atomic forms of an element, each with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons, thus differing in atomic mass | ||
| an isotope in which the nucleus decays spontaneously, giving off particles and energy | ||
| the capacity to cause change | ||
| the energy that matter possesses because of its location or structure | ||
| an energy level of electrons at a characteristic average distance from the nucleus of an atom | ||
| an electron in the outermost electron shell | ||
| the outermost energy shell of an atom, containing the valence electrons involved in the chemical reactions of that atom | ||
| the three dimensional space where an electron is found 90% of the time | ||
| an attraction between two atoms, resulting from a sharing of outer-shell electrons or the presence of opposite charges on the atoms. The bonded atoms gain complete outer electron shells | ||
| the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms | ||
| two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds | ||
| a single covalent bond; the sharing of a pair of valence electrons by two atoms | ||
| a type of of molecular notation in which the constituent atoms are joined by lines representing covalent bonds | ||
| a type of molecular notation representing the quantity of constituent atoms, but not the nature of the bonds that join them | ||
| a double covalent bond; the sharing of two pairs of valence electrons by two atoms | ||
| the bonding capacity of a given atom; usually equals the number of unpaired electrons required to complete the atom's outer most (valence) shell | ||
| the attraction of a given atom for the electrons of a covalent bond | ||
| a type of covalent bond in which electrons are shared equally between two atoms of similar electronegativity | ||
| a covalent bond between atoms that differ in electronegativity. the shared electrons are pulled closer to the more electronegative atom, making it slightly negative and the other atom slightly positive. | ||
| a charged atom or molecule | ||
| an ion with a positive charge | ||
| a negatively charged ion | ||
| a chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions | ||
| a compound resulting from the formation of an ionic bond, also called a salt | ||
| a type of weak chemical bond that is formed when the slightly positive hydrogen atom of a polar covalent bond in one molecule is attracted to the slightly negative atom of a polar covalent bond in another molecule | ||
| weak attractions between molecules or parts of molecules that result from localized charge fluctuations | ||
| the making and breaking of chemical bonds, leading to changes in the composition of matter | ||
| a starting material in a chemical reaction | ||
| a material resulting from a chemical reaction | ||
| the point at which reactions offset one another exactly |
