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Chapter 32 Animal Diversity Flashcards

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458494798cleavageA succession of mitotic divisions without cell growth between divisions0
458494799blastulaStage where embryo is a hollow ball of cells1
458494800gastrulationWhen layers of embryonic tissue that will develop into body parts are produced2
458494801gastrulaStage where one end of the embryo has folded inward, forming a pouch3
458494802archenteronPouch formed by one end of the embryo folding inward4
458494803endodermLines digestive tract, develops from lining of archenteron5
458494804ectodermCovers body surfaces6
458494805mesodermIn some animals; forms muscles and most organs7
458494806diploblastic______________ animals - have no mesoderm. Enidarians (jellies and corals)8
458494807triploblastic____________ animals - have mesoderm9
458494808metamorphosisResurgence of development that transforms larva into adult10
458494809Cambrian explosionWhen many new animal species came to be, probably due to new predator-prey relationships11
458494810gradeGroup of animals that share same level of organizational complexity but not necessarily descended from a common ancestor12
458494811body planmorphological and developmental traits that define a grade13
458494812radial symmetryNo head or rear end, no left or right14
458494813bilateral symmetryTwo-sided symmetry15
458494814dorsalTop16
458494815ventralBottom17
458494816anteriorToward the head18
458494817posteriorToward the tail19
458494818cephalizationCentral nervous system in the head20
458494819coelomTract from outer body wall21
458494820coelomatesAnimals that possess a true coelom22
458494821pseudocoelomatesAnimals that have a body cavity formed from the blastocoels23
458494822acoelomatesAnimals that lack a coelom24
458494823protostomesHave spiral cleavage, determinate cleavage, blastopore opening becomes the mouth25
458494824spiral cleavagePlanes of cell division are diagonal26
458494825determinate cleavageRigidly casts the fate of embryonic cells very early27
458494826deutrostomesHave radial cleavage, indeterminate cleavage, blastopore opening becomes anus; mouth forms from secondary opening28
458494827radial cleavageCleavage planes parallel or perpendicular29
458494828indeterminate cleavageEach cell in early development retains same capacity to develop into a complete embryo30
458494829choanocytesFlagellated cells that draw water into sponge31
458494830osculumOpening where water exits32
458494831amoebocytesDigest and distribte nutrients33
458494832spiculesSkeletal needles34
458494833medusaFloating, umbrella shaped body with dangling tentacles (like jellyfish)35
458494834polypCylinder shaped body with rising tentacles (like sea anemone)36
458494835nymphsYoung small versions of adult37
458494836larvaeA distinct juvenile form many animals undergo before metamorphosis into adults38
458494837pupaThe life stage of some insects undergoing transformation39
458494838notochordA dorsal, flexible rod that functions as support. Usually replaced by bone during development40
458494839dorsal nerve cordA hollow cord dorsal to the notochord41
458494840pharyngeal gill slitsIn embryos of chordates; become gills or disappear during development42

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