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| 563201921 | Franklin D. Roosevelt | Was elected president of the US by an overwhelming majority in 1932, introduced the New Deal, and led the US through most of WWII. | |
| 563201922 | Eleanor Roosevelt | FDR's Wife and New Deal supporter. Was a great supporter of civil rights and opposed the Jim Crow laws. She also worked for birth control and better conditions for working women | |
| 563201923 | Harry Hopkins | A New York social worker who headed the Federal Emergency Relief Administration and Civil Works Administration. He helped grant over 3 billion dollars to the states wages for work projects, and granted thousands of jobs for jobless Americans. | |
| 563201924 | Frances Perkins | Roosevelt's secretary of labor (1993-1945); the first woman to serve as a federal Cabinet officer, she had a great influence on many New Deal programs, most significantly the Social Security Act. | |
| 563201925 | Father Coughlin | a critic of the New Deal; created the National Union for Social Justice; wanted a monetary inflation and the nationalization of the banking system | |
| 563201926 | Huey Long | As senator in 1932 of Washington preached his "Share Our Wealth" programs. It was a 100% tax on all annual incomes over $1 million and appropriation of all fortunes in excess of $5 million. With this money Long proposed to give every American family a comfortable income of 5K | |
| 563201927 | Mary McLeod Bethune | United States educator who worked to improve race relations and educational opportunities for Black Americans | |
| 563201928 | Harold Ickles | Interior Secretary, organized liberal Republicans for Roosevelt in 1932; Former Bull Moose Progressive who spent billions of dollars on public building projects while carefully guarding against waste, | |
| 563201929 | George W. Norris | Nebraska senator that led the Tennessee Valley Authority that produced low-cost electrical power in competition with private utilities | |
| 563201930 | John L. Lewis | He was a miner known for creating the United Mine Workers. He helped found the CIO and was responsible for the Fair Labor Standards Act. | |
| 563201931 | Alfred M. Landon | The governor of Kansas, chosen candidate for the Republicans in the campaign of 1936. A moderate who accepted some New Deal Reforms, but not the Social Security Act. His loss to FDR was mainly because he never appealed to the "forgotten man". | |
| 563201932 | Boondoggling | Several work relief programs under the control of the Works Progress Administration (WPA). It is a politically motivated, trivial, wasteful or impractical government project funded with the intent to gain political favor. | |
| 563201933 | Parity | functional equality | |
| 563201934 | New Deal | The name of President Roosevelt's economic policy for getting the United States out of the depression | |
| 563201935 | Brain Trust | Many of the advisers who helped Roosevelt during his presidential candidacy continued to aid him after he entered the White House. A newspaperman once described the group as "Roosevelt's Brain Trust." They were more influential than the Cabinet. | |
| 563201936 | Hundred Days | the special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days. | |
| 563201937 | The three Rs | Relief - government would provide jobs. Recovery - government paid farmers to stop overproducing crops. Reform - FDIC - bank insurance so people would lose money. | |
| 563201938 | Glass-Steagall Act | established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) and included banking reforms, some of which were designed to control speculation; to cope with the economic policy after the Stock Market Crash of 1929 | |
| 563201939 | Civilian Conservation Corps | Relief: (CCC) March 31, 1933; reduced poverty/unemployment, helped young men and families; young men go to rural camps for 6 months to do construction work; $1/day; intended to help youth escape cities; concerned with soil erosion, state/national parks, telephone/power lines; 40 hr weeks | |
| 563201940 | Works Progress Administration | May 6, 1935- Began under Hoover and continued under Roosevelt but was headed by Harry L. Hopkins. Provided jobs and income to the unemployed but couldn't work more than 30 hours a week. It built many public buildings and roads, and as well operated a large arts project. | |
| 563201941 | National Recovery Act | A New Deal legislation that focused on the employment of the unemployed and the regulation of unfair business ethics. The NIRA pumped cash into the economy to stimulate the job market and created codes that businesses were to follow to maintain the ideal of fair competition and created the NRA. | |
| 563201942 | Schechter Act | National Industrial Recovery | |
| 563201943 | Public Works Administration | (FDR) , 1935 Created for both industrial recovery and for unemployment relief. Headed by the Secretary of Interior Harold L. Ickes, it aimed at long-range recovery and spent $4 billion on thousands of projects that included public buildings, highways, and parkways. | |
| 563201944 | Agricultural Adjustment Act | Recovery: (AAA); May 12, 1933; restricted crop production to reduce crop surplus; goal was to reduce surplus to raise value of crops; farmers paid subsidies by federal government; declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in US vs Butler on January 6, 1936 | |
| 563201945 | Dust Bowl | Region of the Great Plains that experienced a drought in 1930 lasting for a decade, leaving many farmers without work or substantial wages. | |
| 563201946 | Securities and Exchange Commission | US government agency which oversees the operations of the stock markets which trade stocks, bonds, and other types of securities. | |
| 563201947 | Tennessee Valley Authority | A New Deal agency created to generate electric power and control floods in a seven-U.S.-state region around the Tennessee River Valley . It created many dams that provided electricity as well as jobs. | |
| 563201948 | Federal Housing Authority | Established by FDR during the depression in order to provide low-cost housing coupled with sanitary condition for the poor | |
| 563201949 | Social Security Act | guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health | |
| 563201950 | Wagner Act | 1935; established National Labor Relations Board; protected the rights of most workers in the private sector to organize labor unions, to engage in collective bargaining, and to take part in strikes and other forms of concerted activity in support of their demands. | |
| 563201951 | National Labor Relations Board | Created by the National Labor Relations Act, also known as the Wagner Act it was created in the 1930's by congressman Wagner who was sympathetic to labor unions. The National Labor Relation Board was an administrative board that gave laborers the rights of self-organization and collective bargaining. | |
| 563201952 | Congress of Industrial Organizations | Union organization of unskilled workers; broke away from the American Federation of Labor in 1935 and rejoined it in 1955 | |
| 563201953 | Liberty League | Conservatives who did not agree with Roosevelt, they wanted government to let business alone and play a less active role in the economy | |
| 563201954 | Roosevelt coalition | Also known as the New Deal. Established by Roosevelt during the Great Depression, it helped the unemployed and the lost wages due to the Panic on Wall Street. | |
| 563201955 | Court packing plan | President FDR's failed 1937 attempt to increase the number of US Supreme Court Justices from 9 to 15 in order to save his 2nd New Deal programs from constitutional challenges | |
| 563201956 | Keynesiansim | British economist believed its okay for government to do deficit spending (spending more than taking in); therefore cause FDR to continue spending; depression |
