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| married to Franklin roosevelt, did a lot of her own reform/ activism work as first lady | ||
| play on name of TR's square deal, FDR's plan to bring the US economy back up during the great depression | ||
| FDR's advisors who worked with him throughout his presidency, were more influential than the cabinet | ||
| the special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days. | ||
| Relief, recovery, and reform | ||
| informal talks given by FDR over the radio; sat by White House fireplace; gained the confidence of the people | ||
| a big problem, in 1933 it was 25% | ||
| Federal deposit insurance corp, formed 1933, a federally sponsored corporation that insures accounts in national banks and other qualified institutions | ||
| made banks close for 5 days so they could get a chance to reopen with a sounder basis, helped to increase people's confidence | ||
| (HH) the spending of government funds in commercial enterprises, to stimulate the national economy | ||
| 1933., Relief: (CCC) Employed young men to work on conservation projects | ||
| Businesses that want to sell stock must provide detailed financial info to the SEC, which has accountants audit their records. Companies must also hire private accountants to verify their books | ||
| Relief, given money by congress, in turn gives money to the states, and the states pass it out to the unemployed. | ||
| Relief and Recovery. their job was to build large public works in order to employ people (bridges, dams etc.) Was supposed to Generate economic growth. Also hired out of work artists to paint murals | ||
| Relief. Attempt to stop businesses from competing with each other by cutting prices. Set up a board, which has the authority of law, sets prices for each industry. | ||
| challenges NRA in the supreme court, Jewish chicken farmers claim that law is unconstitutional, win | ||
| argue that food shortage is over, and that farmers are acutally creating too much wheat etc. and they can make that wheat into alcohol. Also, the govt. can tax alcohol | ||
| 1933, pay farmers money to produce less of certain crops, in order to avoid overproduction | ||
| big dust storms hit famrs, which cant grow crops, sell them, or pay their morgatges. Many people move to CA, to get jobs picking fruit | ||
| Book about CA migrant workers | ||
| Country moves away from the dawes act, and restores tribal authority on reservations | ||
| relief, recovery and reform. Built more than 20 dams on the tennessee river, which help with flood control and provide electricity to poor areas of the south, which helps economic growth | ||
| in 33 brain trust asks congress to lower tariffs to stimulate trade. Both parties get behind lowered tariffs, pretty much until today. Recovery and reform | ||
| a critic of the New Deal; created the National Union for Social Justice; wanted a monetary inflation and the nationalization of the banking system | ||
| popular for his "Share the Wealth" program, where every family was to receive $5000, allegedly from the rich. | ||
| reform, introduced new taxes that would pay into a fund for retirement, and a fund for unemployment. Negatively affected new hirings | ||
| Every employee in the US pays 6% of theri check into social security, and their employer matches it (total of 12%). Theoretically, you get out what you paid in. Wanted the program to be politically free from attack. | ||
| employer pays into a fund as you work, and if you get laid off and are unable to find a job you get paid out of the fund for a short time. Causes employment to go down a little. | ||
| welfare, gave money to families who were unemployed and had dependent children | ||
| an attempt to decrease the federal deficit | ||
| in private industry, if the majority of the workers want a union, their employer cannot say no, though FDR does not believe that govt. workers should be unionized | ||
| counts votes for or against unions in secret ballots | ||
| CIO. Union organization of unskilled workers; broke away from the American Federation of Labor in 1935 and rejoined it in 1955 | ||
| fiery organizer of miner's union, organized coal miner's strike | ||
| instead of leaving jobs to strike, workers would just sit at their posts and do nothing. Proved very effective. | ||
| -sets hours, wages, prohibits child labor. Minimum wage is good, but creates unemployment, 40 hour week, children could no longer work dangerous jobs. (commerce clause+ elastic clause) | ||
| Supreme court is going against Roosevelt in a lot of cases, he wants a broad interpretation fo the enumerated powers, and they do not, so he suggests adding six more judges to the court to replace the old and decrepit ones. HUGE political backlash | ||
| new taxes increase cost of employment, and economy takes a downturn again | ||
| spending as though you do not have a deficit, even when you do, in order to stimulate the economy. Must borrow from other countries, based on keynes. | ||
| British economist who argued that for a nation to recovery fully from a depression, the govt had to spend money to encourage investment and consumption | ||
| The belief that the government must manage the economy by spending more money when in a recession and cutting spending when there is inflation. |
