Vocabulary for Chapter 33 of the AP World History textbook.
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| 332410449 | Ayatollah Khomeini | Religious leader of Iran following the 1979 revolution; worked for fundamentalist Islamic religious reform and elimination of Western influences. | 0 | |
| 332410450 | Apartheid | Afrikaner policy of racial segregation in South Africa designed to create full economic, social, and political exploitation of African majority. | 1 | |
| 332410451 | Homelands | Areas in South Africa for residence of "tribal" African peoples; overpopulated and poverty-stricken. | 2 | |
| 332410452 | African National Congress (ANC) | South African political organization founded in 1912 to defend African interests; became the ruling political party after the 1994 elections. | 3 | |
| 332410453 | Nelson Mandela | ANC leader imprisoned by Afrikaner regime; released in 1990 and elected as president of South Africa in 1994. | 4 | |
| 332410454 | Religious revivalism | An approach to religious belief and practice that stresses the literal interpretation of texts sacred to the religion in question and the application of their precepts to all aspects of social life; increasingly associated with revivalist movements in a number of world religions, including Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Hinduism. | 5 | |
| 332410455 | Free Officers Movement | Military nationalist movement in Egypt founded in the 1930s; often allied with the Muslim Brotherhood; led coup to seize Egyptian government from khedive in July 1952. | 6 | |
| 332410456 | Hosni Mubarak | President of Egypt since 1981, succeeding Anwar Sadat and continuing his policies of cooperation with the West. | 7 | |
| 332410457 | Mullahs | Local mosques officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid Empire; agents of Safavid religious campaign to convert all of population to Shi'ism. | 8 | |
| 332410458 | Walter Sisulu | (1912 - 2003) Black African leader who, along with Nelson Mandela, opposed apartheid system in South Africa. | 9 | |
| 332410459 | Steve Biko | (1946 - 1977) An organizer of Black Consciousness movement in South Africa, in opposition to apartheid; murdered while in police custody. | 10 | |
| 332410460 | F.W. de Klerk | White South African prime minister in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Working with Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress, he helped to dismantle the apartheid system and opened the way for a democratically elected government that represented all South Africans for the first time. | 11 | |
| 332410461 | Globalization | The increased interconnectedness of all parts of the world, particularly in communication and commerce but also in culture and politics. | 12 | |
| 332410462 | Bangladesh | Formerly East Pakistan; after a civil war became independent in 1972. | 13 | |
| 332410463 | Baharatya Janata Party (BIP) | Hindu communalist party winning power in India in 1997. | 14 | |
| 332410464 | Biafra | Eastern Nigerian region inhabitated mostly by the Ibo people; in 1967 attempted unsuccessfully to secede from Nigeria; defeated and reintegrated in 1970. | 15 | |
| 332410465 | Saddam Hussein | Military dictator of Iraq; fought a 10-year war with Iran; invaded Kuwait in 1990; defeated by an American-led coalition in the Gulf War of 1991. | 16 | |
| 332410466 | Indira Gandhi, Corazon Aquino, and Benazir Bhutto | Women who became leaders of new nations; usually connected to previously powerful men. | 17 | |
| 332410467 | Primary products | Food or industrial crops with a high demand in industrialized economies; their prices tend to fluctuate widely. | 18 | |
| 332410468 | Neocolonialism | Continued dominance of new nations by their former rulers. | 19 | |
| 332410469 | Green Revolution | Agricultural revolution that increased production through improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation; helped to support rising Asian populations. | 20 | |
| 332410470 | Kwame Nkrumah | Ghanaian leader at independence; his efforts at reform ended with the creation of dictatorial rule. | 21 | |
| 332410471 | Gamal Abdul Nasser | Member of the Free Officers Movement that seized power in Egypt in a 1952 military coup; became leader of Egypt; formed a state-directed reforming regime; ousted Britain from the Suez Canal in 1956; most reforms were unsuccessful. | 22 | |
| 332410472 | Muslim Brotherhood | Egyptian religious and nationalist movement founded by Hasan al-Banna in 1928; became an example for later fundamentalist movements in the Islamic world. | 23 | |
| 332410473 | Anwar Sadat | Successor of Nasser as Egypt's ruler; dismantled Nasser's costly and failed programs; signed peace with Israel in 1973. | 24 | |
| 332410474 | Jawaharlal Nehru | First leader of independent India; committed to programs of social reform, economic development, and preservation of civil liberties. | 25 |
