Terms : Hide Images
| 585371320 | Cordell Hull | The Secretary of State who believed that trade was a two-way street, that a nation can sell abroad only as it buys abroad, that tariff barriers choke off foreign trade, and that trade wars beget shooting wars. He was one of the main contributors to the reciprocal trade policy of the New Dealers. (P.802) | |
| 585371321 | Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) | |
| 585371322 | Benito Mussolini | Fascist dictator of Italy (1922-1943). He led Italy to conquer Ethiopia (1935), joined Germany in the Axis pact (1936), and allied Italy with Germany in World War II. He was overthrown in 1943 when the Allies invaded Italy. (p. 786) | |
| 585371323 | Adolf Hitler | This dictator was the leader of the Nazi Party. He believed that strong leadership was required to save Germanic society, which was at risk due to Jewish, socialist, democratic, and liberal forces. | |
| 585371324 | Francisco Franco | Spanish General; organized the revolt in Morocco, which led to the Spanish Civil War. Leader of the Nationalists - right wing, supported by Hitler and Mussolini, won the Civil War after three years of fighting. | |
| 585371325 | Winston Churchill | A noted British statesman who led Britain throughout most of World War II and along with Roosevelt planned many allied campaigns. He predicted an iron curtain that would separate Communist Europe from the rest of the West. | |
| 585371326 | Charles Lindbergh | United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1902-1974) | |
| 585371327 | Wendell Wilkie | Popular choice for Repub nominee in election of 1940. Critized New Deal, but largely agreed with Roosevelt on preparedness and giving aid to Britain. Lost to Roosevelt. | |
| 585371328 | Totalitarianism | a form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.) | |
| 585371329 | Isolationism | a policy of nonparticipation in international economic and political relations | |
| 585371330 | Appeasement | the act of appeasing (as by acceding to the demonds of) | |
| 585371331 | London Economic Conference | Consisting of 66 nations meeting in the summer of 1933, it revealed how thoroughly Roosevelt's early foreign policy was subordinated. The delegates hoped to organize a coordinated international attack on the global depression. Because of a message that Roosevelt sent to the conference that scolded the conference, the delegates adjourned empty-handed. The collapse of the London Conference strengthened the global trend toward extreme nationalism. (p. 800-801) | |
| 585371332 | Good Neighbor policy | Franklin D. Roosevelt policy in which the U.S. pledged that the U.S. would no longer intervene in the internal affairs of Latin American countries. This reversed Teddy Roosevelt's Big Stick Policy. | |
| 585371333 | Reciprocal Trade Agreement Act | (1934) The Act was designed to raise American exports and was aimed at both relief and recovery.Led by Cordell Hull, it helped reverse the high-tariff policy. | |
| 585371334 | Nazi Party | German political party joined by Adolf Hitler, emphasizing nationalism, racism, and war. When Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933, the Nazi Party became the only legal party and an instrument of Hitler's absolute rule. | |
| 585371335 | Rome Berlin axis | 1936; close cooperation between Italy and Germany, and soon Japan joined; resulted from Hitler; who had supported Ethiopia and Italy, he overcame Mussolini's lingering doubts about the Nazis. | |
| 585371336 | Invasion of Ethiopia | In 1935, Mussolini brutally attacked Ethiopia with bombers and tanks, while natives were left to defend their country with spears and outdated weapons. This all could have been avoided if the league of nations had declared an oil embargo on Italy. | |
| 585371337 | Merchants of death | Liberal isolationists' term for companies which manufactured armaments. They felt that the companies were undermining national interests by assisting agressor nations. | |
| 585371338 | Spanish Civil War | civil war in Spain in which General Franco succeeded in overthrowing the republican government | |
| 585371339 | China incident | when japan detonated an explosion near beijing in 1937, there was no official war; roosevelt declined to invoke the recently passed neutrality legislation by refusing to call this an officially declared war; had FDR done this, the chinese would no longer be able to have the trickor of munitions and the japanese were able to continue buying war supplies | |
| 585371340 | Quarantine Speech | The speech was an act of condemnation of Japan's invasion of China in 1937 and called for Japan to be quarantined. FDR backed off the aggressive stance after criticism, but it showed that he was moving the country slowly out of isolationism. | |
| 585371341 | Hitler -Stalin nonaggression pact | A letter sent from Stalin to Hitler in 1939, it gave Germany the permission to wage war on Poland, meaning an agreement of neutrality between the Soviet Union and Germany. (pg. 807) | |
| 585371342 | Cash and carry | policy adopted by the United States in 1939 to preserve neutrality while aiding the Allies. Britain and France could buy goods from the United States if they paid in full and transported them. | |
| 585371343 | Phony war | was a phase in early World War II marked by few military operations in Continental Europe, in the months following the German invasion of Poland and preceding the Battle of France. Although the great powers of Europe had declared war on one another, neither side had yet committed to launching a significant attack, and there was relatively little fighting on the ground | |
| 585371344 | Committee to defend America by Aiding the Allies | 1940 - Formed by isolationists who believed that the U.S. could avoid going to war by giving aid in the form of supplies and money to the Allies, who would fight the war for us. | |
| 585371345 | America First Committee | A committee organized by isolationists before WWII, who wished to spare American lives. They wanted to protect America before we went to war in another country. Charles A. Lindbergh (the aviator) was its most effective speaker. | |
| 585371346 | Destroyers for bases deal | Roosevelt's compromise for helping Britain as he could not sell Britain US destroyers without defying the Neutrality Act; Britain received 50 old but still serviceable US destroyers in exchange for giving the US the right to build military bases on British Islands in the Caribbean. | |
| 585371347 | Lend-lease | allows America to sell, lend, or lease arms or other war supplies to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the U.S." |
