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| 630620809 | Henry Stimson | Secretary of War during War World II who trained 12 million soldiers and airmen, the purchase and transportation to battlefields of 30 percent of the nation's industrial output and agreed to the building of the atomic bomb and the decision to use it. | |
| 630620810 | A.Philip Randolph | Black leader, who threatens a march to end discrimination in the work place; Roosevelt gives in with companies that get federal grants. | |
| 630620811 | Douglas MacArthur | United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II | |
| 630620812 | Chester W. Nimitz | Leader in WW2 Admiral of the US Pacific fleet became famous at battle of midway | |
| 630620813 | Dwight D. Eisenhower | leader of the Allied forces in Europe during WW2--leader of troops in Africa and commander in DDay invasion-elected president | |
| 630620814 | General George Patton | General in the U. S. Army who helped lead the allies to victory in the Battle of the Bulge | |
| 630620815 | Joseph Stalin | Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953) | |
| 630620816 | Jiang Jieshi | Chinese nationalist leader that was against Mao; supported by the US; loss to Mao, so he and his followers fled to Taiwan | |
| 630620817 | Thomas Dewey | the Governor of New York (1943-1955) and the unsuccessful Republican candidate for the U.S. Presidency in 1944 and 1948 | |
| 630620818 | Harry S. Truman | Became president when FDR died; gave the order to drop the atomic bomb | |
| 630620819 | Albert Einstein | This 20th Century scientist revolutionized the way scientists thought about space, time and matter, the most notable being his theory of relativity. | |
| 630620820 | War production board | During WWII, FDR established it to allocated scarce materials, limited or stopped the production of civilian goods, and distributed contracts among competing manufacturers | |
| 630620821 | Office of Price Administration | Government agency which successful combatted inflation by fixing price ceilings on commodities and introducing rationing programs during World War II. | |
| 630620822 | WAACs | The "Women's Army Axillary Corps", an acronym given to reference women in the army. Women being in the army changed their roles in society and gained them new respect. | |
| 630620823 | Rosie the Riveter | A propaganda character designed to increase production of female workers in the factories. It became a rallying symbol for women to do their part. | |
| 630620824 | Braceros | Mexican workers that were brought to America to work when so many men and women were gone from home during World War II that there weren't enough workers. | |
| 630620825 | Fair Employment Practices Commission | Created in 1941 by executive order, the FEPC sought to eliminate racial discrimination in jobs; it possessed little power but represented a step toward civil rights for African Americans. | |
| 630620826 | Casablanca Conference | A wartime conference held at Casablanca, Morocco that was attended by de Gaulle, Churchill, and FDR. The Allies demanded the unconditional surrender of the axis, agreed to aid the Soviets, agreed on the invasion Italy, and the joint leadership of the Free French by De Gaulle and Giraud. | |
| 630620827 | Second front | the invasion of western Europe by the U.S ,British, and French in 1944. This invasion was to take presure off the Russians and divide the Germans. It was established by the D-Day Invasion. | |
| 630620828 | Teheran Conference | - Stalin, Churchill, and FDR met to reconcile (we left Soviets out of Italian surrender) - FDR finally said he'd start the second front - decided on Operation Overlord (for D-Day) | |
| 630620829 | D-Day | June 6, 1944 - Led by Eisenhower, over a million troops (the largest invasion force in history) stormed the beaches at Normandy and began the process of re-taking France. The turning point of World War II. | |
| 630620830 | Battle of the Bulge | WWII battle in which German forces launched a final counterattack in the west | |
| 630620831 | Potsdam Conference | The final wartime meeting of the leaders of the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union was held at Potsdamn, outside Berlin, in July, 1945. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War. | |
| 630620832 | Manhattan Project | code name for the secret United States project set up in 1942 to develop atomic bombs for use in World War II | |
| 630620833 | Korematsu v. US | 1944 Supreme Court case where the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. It was not until 1988 that Congress formally apologized and agreed to pay $20,000 2 each survivor | |
| 630620834 | Internment camps | Detention centers where more than 100,000 Japanese Americans were relocated during World War II by order of the President. | |
| 630620835 | Battle of Midway | U.S. naval victory over the Japanese fleet in June 1942, in which the Japanese lost four of their best aircraft carriers. It marked a turning point in World War II. | |
| 630620836 | Marshal Erwin Rommel | Led German forces at El Alamein; was defeated by Britain's Field Marshal Bernard Montgomery. | |
| 630620837 | Battle of Iwo Jima and Okinawa | two great Japanese battles; Two successful battles fought and won by Allied forces in the Pacific. | |
| 630620838 | Hiroshima | City in Japan, the first to be destroyed by an atomic bomb, on August 6, 1945. The bombing hastened the end of World War II. (p. 797) | |
| 630620839 | Nagasaki | Japanese city in which the second atomic bomb was dropped (August 9, 1945). | |
| 630620840 | Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) | 1941-42 - Interracial until 1962, when it became predominately Black, after 1964, only Blacks were allowed to join. It concentrated on organizing votes for Black candidates and political causes, successful even in states like Mississippi and Alabama. |
