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Chapter 40: The Eisenhower Era 1952 - 1960 Flashcards

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1361849208Election of 1952Democratic blighted by military deadlock in Korea, Truman's clash with MacArthur...nominated Adlai E. Stevenson, gov, of Illinois. Republicans chose Ohio Senator Robert A. Taft and eventunally EISENHOWER (w/ Nixon as running mate). Ike won0
1361849209Checkers speechNixon (vp of Eisen) accused of "slush fund", talked of family dog, Checkers, saved form being dropped from ticket1
1361849210Senator Joseph McCarthyAnti-communist crusader, charged that SOS Acheson was employing communists in state department. False. After Korean war he attacked the army, lost political power. Died three years later2
1361849211McCarthyismAppealed to masses with antired crap ,"low-blow Joe"3
1361849212Army-McCarthy HearingsMcCarthy lost power after he attacked US military. televised hearings in 19544
1361849213Emmet Till14 year old black from Miss. lynched in 1955 for leering at a while woman5
1361849214Gunnar Myrdal1944 book "An American Dilemma" , Swedish Myrdal exposed contradiction of "all men are created equal" and the actual treatment of blacks6
1361849215Jackie RobinsonBig-Leage Baseballl in 19477
1361849216Sweatt v. PainterThurgood MArshall, NAACP chief legan counsel, got Sup. Court to rule that separate professional schools for blacks had to meet test of equality8
1361849217Rosa ParksDec 1955, bus, whites only section9
1361849218Rev. MArtin Luther King Jr.Montgomery bus boycott by Rosa Parks caught attention of King., devoted to justice10
1361849219Earl Warrenappointed Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, shocked his conservative backers by actively assailing black injustice and ruling in favor of African-Americans11
1362150258Orval Faubus...Eisenhower refused to issue a statement acknowledging the Supreme Court's ruling on integration, and he even privately complained about this new end to segregation, but in September 1957, when Orval Faubus, the governor of Arkansas, mobilized the National Guard to prevent nine black students from enrolling in Little Rock's Central High School, Ike sent federal troops to escort the children to their classes12
1362150259Civil Rights Commission1957 - Congress passed the first Civil Rights Act since the Reconstruction days, an act that set up a permanent Civil Rights Commission to investigate violations of civil rights and authorized federal injunctions to protect voting rights.13
1362150260SCLC... Martin Luther King, Jr. formed the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, which aimed to mobilize the vast power of black churches on behalf of black rights—a shrewd strategy, since churches were a huge source of leadership in the black community14
1362150261SNCC...In April 1960, southern black students formed the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, or SNCC, to give more focus and force to their civil rights efforts.15
1362150262Interstate Highway Act (1956)built 42,000 miles of interstate freeways16
1362150263Operation Wetback...17
1362150264AFL-CIOthe AF of L merged with the CIO to end 20 years of bitter division in labor unions.18
1362150265John Foster DullesSecretary of State John Foster Dulles stated that the policy of containment was not enough and that the U.S. was going to push back communism and liberate the peoples under it. This became known as "rollback."19
1362150266SAChe advocated toning down defense spending by building a fleet of superbombers called Strategic Air Command, which could drop massive nuclear bombs in any retaliation.20
1362150267Military industrial complex...21
1362150268Dien Bien Phu.March 1954, when the French became trapped at Dienbienphu, Eisenhower's aides wanted to bomb the Viet Minh guerilla forces, but Ike held back, fearing plunging the U.S. into another Asian war so soon after Korea. After the Vietnamese won at Dienbienphu, Vietnam was split at the 17th parallel, supposedly temporarily. marks the start of American interest in Vietnam.22
1362150269Ngo Dinh Diem...23
1362150270SEATOSecretary Dulles created the Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO) to emulate NATO, but this provided little help.24
1362150271Warsa Pact1955, the USSR formed the Warsaw Pact to counteract NATO25
1362150272Suez Pact...26
1362150273Eisenhower Doctrine...27
1362150274OPEC1960, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Iraq, Iran, and Venezuela joined to form the cartel Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, or OPEC.28
1362150275Landrum-Griffin Act (1959)1959 Landrum-Griffin Act was designed to bring labor leaders to book for financial shenanigans and prevent bullying tactics.29
1362150276SputnikOctober 4, 1957, the Russians launched Sputnik I into space, and a month later, they sent Sputnik II into orbit as well30
1362150277National Defense and Education Act (1957)National Defense and Education Act (NDEA) gave $887 million in loads to needy college students and grants for the improvement of schools31
1362150278U-2at the Paris conference, Khrushchev came in angry that the U.S. had flown a U-2 spy plane over Soviet territory (in this U-2 incident, the plane had been shot down and Eisenhower embarrassingly took personal responsibility), and tensions immediately tightened again.32
1362150279Fidel CastroFidel Castro overthrew U.S.-supported Fulgencio Batista, promptly denounced the Yankee imperialists, and began to take U.S. properties for a land-distribution program. When the U.S. cut off heavy U.S. imports of Cuban sugar, Castro confiscated more American property.33
1362150280John F. Kennedy...while John F. Kennedy surprisingly won for the Democrats..he was catholic34
1362150281IBMThe economy really sprouted during the 50s, and the invention of the transistor exploded the electronics field, especially in computers, helping such companies as International Business Machines (IBM) expand and prosper.35
1362150282Betty FriedanBetty Friedan's 1963 book The Feminine Mystique was a best-seller and a classic of modern feminine protest literature36

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