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Chapter 4: Convergence and Conflict Flashcards

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419784622Navigation Act of 1651Required all English goods be transported by Englsh ships1
419784623Enumerated productsitems enumerated in acts of Parliament that could only be legally shipped to England and other destinations within the British empire.2
419784624Courtesy booksbooks of manners and etiquette in Colonial America3
419784625ArtisanSkilled craftsman in the colonies, shipbuilding, rope making, sail building, pottery, furniture, glass, and paper teaches an apprentice4
419784626Halfway Covenant (1662)by New England clergy to deal with the problem of declining church membership, allowing children of baptized parents to be baptized whether or not their parents had converted A more lenient strategy5
419784627ApprenticeTeenage boy taught a particular skill or craft by his apprentice. After 4-7 years, he becomes a journeyman and gets paid6
419784628Age of Enlightenmentthe major intellectual movement occurring in Western Europe in the late seventeenth and eighteenth centuries7
419784629MercantilismThe economic system by which the government intervenes in the economy for the purpose of increasing national wealth8
419784630Great AwakeningOriginated in England and Scotland in the 1730s9
419784631New Lightspeople who experienced conversion during the Great Awakening10
419784632Dominion of New EnglandJames II's failed plan to combine eight northern colonies into a single large province, to be governed by a royal appointee with no elective assembly11
419784633Glorious Revolution (1688)bloodless revolt in England when parliamentary leaders invited William of Orange, a Protestant, to assume the throne12
419784634Virtual Representationparliamentary leaders represented the nation as a whole and not just their district13
419784635Actual Representationrepresentatives were directly responsible for their own local districts14
419784636King William's War (1689-1697)The first Anglo-French conflict in North America, the American phase of Europe's War of the League of Augsburg15
419784637Queen Anne's War (1702-1713)American phase of Europe's War of the Spanish Succession16
419784638Country (Real Whig) IdeologyStrain of thought (focusing on the threat to personal liberty and the taxation of property holders) first appearing in England in the late seventeenth century in response to the growth of national power and governmental debt17
419784639Grand Settlement of 1701Policy of neutrality between France and England; created by the Iroquois18
419784640King George's War (1744-1748)The third Anglo-French war in North America, part of the European conflict known as the War of Austrian Succession19
419784641Treaty of Lancaster (1744)Negotiation in which Iroquois chiefs sold Virginia land speculators the right to trade at the Forks of Ohio20
419784642French and Indian War (1754-1763)Was a war fought by French and English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley-- English defeated French in1763. Historical Significance: established England as number one world power and began to gradually change attitudes of the colonists toward England for the worse.21
419784643Treaty of Paris (1763)The formal end to British hostilities against France and Spain in February 176322
419784644Imperial Legislations were:mercantilism Navigation Act of 1651 enumerated products23
419784645George Whitefieldan Anglican priest who traveled around the colonies spreading his Presbyterian beliefs24
419784646William Tennentan immigrant Scottish evangelist, he set up the Log College in Neshaminy, Pennsylvania; his cause gained momentum when George Whitefield came over25
419784647Religion of the SouthBaptist26
419784648Ruled England after Charles IIJames Duke of York27
419784649Ben Franklincolonial inventor/thinker28
419784650colonies with the highest literacy ratesthe northern colonies29
419784651Puritan colonies were:Connecticut Massachusetts New Hampshire30
419784652Maine was originally part of:Massachusetts31
419784653Region with the highest populationNew England32
419784654Reason for population growth in the Northfamilies had more and more children33
419784655Reason for population growth in the Southimmigrants34
419784656League of AugsburgEngland vs. France This was a military alliance that was created in 1689 by all of the major European nations except for France. The purpose of the alliance was to prevent France from dominating Europe.35
419784657Largest cities with sea ports/harbors (in order)Philly Boston Charleston Baltimore36
419784658John LockeEnglish empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)37
419784659William and MaryStrictly Protestant King and Queen of England after James II from 1689 to 1702. They were placed on the throne as a result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and ruled as limited monarchs. They drove out James into France38
419784660Lords of TradeDesigned by Charles II, they were privy councilors that made colonies abide by the mercantile system and sought ways to make more profits for England and the crown39
419784661Privy Councilgroup of royal advisors who set policies for Britain's American colonies40
419784662Parliament's Bill of Rightsgave the Parliament an equal amount of power to the monarch41
419784663SquattersFrontier farmers who illegally occupied land owned by others or not yet officially opened for settlement. Undocumented land ownership.42
419784664Spanish move West to:California and Texas43
419784665French expanded because:they needed more rivers for the fur trade Great Lakes Mississippi River Illinois44
419784666Causes of WarContended territories- Ohio River Valley Frontier inaccuracy French- Slow population growth, no families, the fur trade Alliances with the Natives45
419784667Edward Braddocka British commander during the French and Indian War. He attempted to capture Fort Duquesne in 1755. He was defeated by the French and the Indians. At this battle, Braddock was mortally wounded.46
419784668William Pittas secretary of state directed the British War effort from late 1757 through 1761. He concluded that the colonists thought that they were doing all of the work and not getting any credit or say in how the wars were fought. His solution was to provide reimbursements to colonies in proportion to their contributions to the war, deemphasize the power of the commander in chief, and get rid of Loudoun.47
419784669Wins the battle of Quebec:Great Britain48
419784670Proclamation Line (1763)Order by the British king that closed the region west of the App Mountains to all settlement by colonists49
419784671LoudounNew British commander in North America whose orders the colonials refuse to follow. He is fired by Pitt.50
419784672Albany Plan of UnionPlan put forward in 154 calling for an intercolonial union to manage defense and Indian affairs. This plan was ultimately rejected.51

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