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Chapter 4 Vocab (China) Flashcards

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533965842LoessFertile yellow soil
533965843DikesEarthen walls built along a river to protect from floods
533965844BureaucracyGovernment organized into different levels and tasks
533965845AnimismBelief that spirits inhabit everything
533965846Oracle BonesCattle bones or tortoise shells on which Chinese priests would write questions and then interpret answers from the cracks that formed when the bones were healed
533965847DialectsVariations of a language
533965848CalligraphyChinese art of writing
533965849Xia DynastyLine of kings ruling over a late Neolithic people in the Huang River region of China starting in about 2000 BC
533965850Shang DynastyInvaders of the Huang River valley who came to power sometime between 1750 BC and 1500 BC and established the first dynasty in China
533965851Zhou DynastyPeople who overthrew the Shang dynasty of China in 1122 BC
533965852AutocracyGovernment in which the ruler holds absolute power
533965853Civil ServiceCentralized system that runs the day-to-day business of government
533965854LevelingPolicy in which government used price controls to balance the economic effects of farm surpluses or shortages
533965855Qin DynastyDynasty that came to power in China in 221 BC, under which the first true empire of China was created
533965856Han DynastyDynasty of rulers that ruled a centralized and growing empire in China
533965857ChengRuler of the Qin dynasty
533965858Great Wall of ChinaWall built and expanded upon by early rulers of China to protect from invasions
533965859Liu BangA commoner who became a Qin general
533965860Liu CheThe longest ruling Han emperor
533965861Silk RoadTrade route stretching from China to the Mediterranean
533965862YinForce that is female, dark, and passive; part of the Chinese belief of dualism or balance in life
533965863YangForce that is male, bright, and active; part of the Chinese belief of dualism or balance in life
533965864ConfuciusA leading philosopher in the Zhou era
533965865AnalectsCollection of the ideas and teachings of Confucius
533965866LaoziA philosopher who founded the philosophy called Daoism
533965867Dao De JingCompilation of Laozi's teaching on Daoism
533965868LegalismSchool of Chinese philosophy concerned with politics
533965869GenealogyRecord of a family history
533965870AcupunctureChinese medical practice of inserting needles into certain areas of the body
533965871Five ClassicsText used to train scholars and civil servants in ancient china

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