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| the period in which Rome was largely governed by the aristocratic Roman Senate; was hardly a democracy | ||
| a council whose members were the heads of wealthy, landowning families; governed the Roman state; under this Rome conquered an empire of unprecedented extent in the lands surrounding the Mediterranean Sea | ||
| In ancient Rome, a fundamental social relationship in which wealthy and powerful individuals provided legal and economic protection and assistance to men of lesser status and means, in return for political support and economic interests of the wealthy men | ||
| the military dictatorship that replaced the Roman Senate, adopted by Augustus to conceal his military dictatorship | ||
| Honorific name for Octavian, founder of the Roman Principate; he laid the groundwork for several centuries of stability and prosperity in the Roman Empire | ||
| prosperous landowners in Italy, second in wealth and status to the senetorial aristocracy; the Roman Empire allied with this group | ||
| Roman peace | ||
| the process by which the Latin language and Roman culture became dominant in the western provinces of the Roman Empire | ||
| sought to reform Jewish beliefs and practices; was executed as a revolutionary by the Romans; hailed as Messiah and son of God by his followers; he became the central figure in Christianity | ||
| he initially percecuted the followers of Jesus; he also began the process by which Christianity seperated from Judaism | ||
| a long, elevated or underground conduits that carried water from a source to an urban center, using only the force of gravity | ||
| the period in which political, military, and economic problems beset and nearly destoyed the Roman Empire | ||
| was able to reunite the entire Roman Empire | ||
| the people and state of the Wei Valley of eastern China that conquered rival states and created the first Chinese empire; was largely taken over by the Han Empire | ||
| the Qin dynasty ruler and creator of the Chinese Empire | ||
| the ethnic Chinese people and, or the dynasty of emperors who ruled from 206 B.C.E. to 220 C.E. | ||
| the capital of the Zhou kingdom and the Qin and early Han Empires | ||
| In China, the class of prosperous families, next in wealth below the the rural aristocrats; respected for their education and expertise | ||
| a confederation of nomadic peoples living beyond the northwest frontier of ancient China |
