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| 5001345162 | mercantilism | Economic theory that closely linked a nation's political and military power to it's bullion reserves. Mercantilists generally favored protectionism and colonial acquisition as means to increase exports. | 0 | |
| 5001356885 | republicanism | Political theory of representative government, based on the principle of popular sovereignty, with a strong emphasis on liberty and civic virtue. Influential in eighteenth-century American political thought, it stood as an alternative to monarchical rule. | 1 | |
| 5001371669 | Radical Whigs | Eighteenth-century British political commentators who agitated against political corruption and emphasized the threat to liberty posed by arbitrary power. Their writings shaped American political thought and made colonists especially alert to encroachments on their rights. | 2 | |
| 5001393158 | Sugar Act | (1764) Duty on imported sugar from the West Indies. It was the first tax levied on the colonists by the crown and was lowered substantially in response to widespread protests. | 3 | |
| 5001402817 | Quartering Act | (1765) required colonies to provide food and quarter (house) British troops. Many colonists resented the act, which they perceived as an encroachment on their rights. | 4 | |
| 5001407805 | Stamp Act | (1765) Widely unpopular tax on an array of paper goods, repealed in 1766 after mass protests erupted across the colonies. Colonists developed the principle of "no taxation without representation" that questioned Parliaments authority over the colonies and laid the foundation for future revolutionary claims. | 5 | |
| 5001422704 | non-importation agreements | (1765 and after) Boycotts against British goods adopted in response to the Stamp Act and, later, the Townshend and Intolerable Acts. The agreements were the most effective form of protest against British policies in the colonies. | 6 | |
| 5001434571 | Sons of Liberty | Patriotic groups that played a central role in agitating against the Stamp Act and enforcing non-importation agreements. (see also Daughters of Liberty) | 7 | |
| 5001443274 | Declaratory Act | (1766) passed alongside the repeal of the Stamp act, it reaffirmed Parliament's unqualified sovereignty over the North American colonies. | 8 | |
| 5001450456 | Boston Massacre | (1770) clash between unruly Bostonian protesters and locally stationed British redcoats, who fired on jeering crowd, killing or wounding eleven citizens. | 9 | |
| 5001460156 | Committees of correspondence | (1772 and after) local committees established across Massachusetts, and later in each of the thirteen colonies, to maintain colonial opposition to British policies through the exchange of letters and pamphlets. | 10 | |
| 5001469820 | Boston Tea Party | (1773) rowdy protest against the British East India Company's newly acquired monopoly on the tea trade. Colonists, disguised as Indians, dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston harbor, prompting harsh sanctions from the British Parliament. | 11 | |
| 5001480634 | Intolerable Acts | (1774) series of punitive measures passed in retaliation for the Boston Tea Party, closing the Port of Boston, revoking a number of rights in the Massachusetts colonial charter, and expanding the Quartering Act to allow for the lodging of soldiers in probate homes. In response, colonists convened the First Continental Congress and called for a complete boycott of British goods. | 12 | |
| 5001504442 | Quebec Act | (1774) allowed the French residents of Quebec to retain their traditional political and religious institutions, and extended the boundaries of the province southward to the Ohio River. Mistakenly perceived by the colonists to be part of parliaments response to the Boston Tea Party. | 13 | |
| 5001518770 | First Continental Congress | (1774) convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen colonies that convened in Philadelphia to craft a response to the Intolerable Acts. Delegates established the Association, which called for a complete boycott of British goods. | 14 | |
| 5001537332 | The Association | (1774) non-importation agreement crafted during the First Continental Congress calling for the complete boycott of British goods. | 15 | |
| 5001546834 | Charles Townsend | 16 |
