Terms : Hide Images
| 150289276 | political geography | the subdivision of human geography focused on the nature and implications of the evolving spatial organization of political governance and formal political practice on the Earth's surface | |
| 150289277 | state | A politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and is recognized by the international community. | |
| 150289278 | territoriality | In political geography, a country's or more local community's sense of property and attachment toward its territory, as expressed by its determination to keep it inviolable and strongly defended. | |
| 150289279 | sovereignty | a principle of international relations that holds that final authority over social, economic, and political matters should rest with the legitimate rulers of independent states | |
| 150289280 | territorial integrity | the right of a state to defend soverign territory against incurrsion from other states | |
| 150289281 | peace of westphalia | Peace negotiated in 1648 to end the Thirty Years' War, Europe's most destructive internal struggle over religion. The treaties contained new language recognizing statehood and nationhood, clearly defined borders, and guarantees of security | |
| 150289282 | mercantilism | European government policies of the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries designed to promote overseas trade between a country and its colonies and accumulate precious metals by requiring colonies to trade only with their motherland country | |
| 150289283 | nation | Legally, a term encompassing all the citizens of a state. Most definitions now tend to refer to a tightly knit group of people possessing bonds of language, ethnicity, religion, and other shared cultural attributes. Such homogeneity actually prevails within very few states. | |
| 150289284 | nation state | A sovereign state whose people share a common culture and national identity | |
| 150289285 | democracy | government by the people; a form of government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised directly by them or by their elected agents under a free electoral system. | |
| 150289286 | multinational state | State that contains two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities. | |
| 150289287 | multistate nation | nation that stretches across borders and across states | |
| 150289288 | stateless nation | nation that does not have a state | |
| 150289289 | colonialism | Rule by an autonomous power over a subordinate and alien people and place. | |
| 150289290 | scale | representation of a real-world phenomenon at a certain level of reduction or generalization | |
| 150289291 | capitalism | economic model wherein people, corporations, and states produce goods and exchange them on the world market, with the goal of achieving profit | |
| 150289292 | commodification | the process though which something is given monetary value | |
| 150289293 | core | national or global regions where economic power, in terms of wealth, innovation, and advanced technology, is concentrated | |
| 150289294 | periphery | Processes that incorporate lower levels of education, lower salaries, and less technology; and generate less wealth than core processes in the world-economy. | |
| 150289295 | semiperiphery | place where core and periphery processes are both occurring; places that are exploited by the core but in turn exploit the periphery | |
| 150289296 | ability | In the context of political power, the capacity of a state to influence other states or achieve its goals through diplomatic, economic, and militaristic means. | |
| 150289297 | centripetal | tending to unify | |
| 150289298 | centrifugal | forces that tend to divide a country | |
| 150289299 | unitary | a nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state | |
| 150289300 | federal | A political-territorial system wherein a central government represents the various entities within a nation-state where they have common interests-defense, foreign affairs, and the like-yet allows these various entities to retain their own identities and to have their own laws, policies, and customs in certain spheres. | |
| 150289301 | devolution | the process whereby regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government | |
| 150289302 | territorial representation | system wherein each representative is elected from a territorially defined district | |
| 150289303 | reapportionment | process by which representative districts are switched according to population shifts, so that each district encompasses approximately the same number of people | |
| 150289304 | splitting | majority and minority populations are spread evenly across each distinct. to give majority control | |
| 150289305 | majority minority districts | in the context of determining representative districts, the process by which a majority of the population is from the minority | |
| 150289306 | gerrymandering boundary | redistricting for advantage, or the practice of the dividing areas into electrical districts to give one political party an electoral majority in a large number of districts while concentrating the voting strength of the opposition in as few districts as possible | |
| 150289307 | geometric boundary | Political boundaries defined and delimited as straight lines or arcs. | |
| 150289308 | physical political boundary | political boundary defined and delimited by a prominent physical feature in the natural landscape | |
| 150289309 | heartland theory | Hypothesis proposed by Halford MacKinder that held that any political power based in the heart of Eurasia could gain enough strength to eventually dominate the world. | |
| 150289310 | critical geopolitics | process by which geopoliticians deconstruct and focus on explaining the underlying spatial assumptions and territorial perspectives of politicians | |
| 150289311 | unilateralism | world order in which one state is in a position of dominance with allies following rather than joining the political decision-making process | |
| 150289312 | supranational | A venture invovling three or more national states involving formal policital, economic, and/or cultural cooperation to promote shared objectives |
