Terms : Hide Images
| 2125855942 | Industrial Revolution | a period beginning in the mid 1700's where many societies started to shift from a rural life focused on agriculture and goods made by craftspeople to urban societies powered by fossil fuels. This lead to improvements in sanitation, medical technology, and the ability to mass produce food that contributed to the human population explosion |  | 0 |
| 2125856161 | infant mortality | the number of babies out of 1,000 that die during their first year of life |  | 1 |
| 2125856162 | life expectancy | the average number if years an individual is expected to live |  | 2 |
| 2125856503 | growth rate | how a population changes in size during a specific period of time |  | 3 |
| 2125856504 | demography | the study of human population statistics |  | 4 |
| 2125857526 | total fertility rate | the average number of children a female member of a population has during her lifetime |  | 5 |
| 2125857527 | replacement fertility | the total fertility rate for a nation that would keep its population size stable |  | 6 |
| 2125858045 | demographic transition | a model that explains the change from high birthrates and death rates to a condition of low birthrates and death rates |  | 7 |
| 2125858908 | wealth gap | the difference in assets and income between individuals in a society or between nations |  | 8 |
| 2125995643 | carrying capacity | the number of organisms that an environment can support |  | 9 |
| 2125999209 | demographers | people who study demography, apply the principles of population ecology to humans |  | 10 |
| 2126002441 | age structure | the relative numbers of organisms of each age within a population which is often represented by a graph (diagram) that shows how many males and females are in each age group |  | 11 |
| 2126007410 | sex ratio | the number of males compared to females in a population | 12 | |
| 2126009118 | pre-industrial stage | the first stage of industrialization that is categorized by conditions that have defined most of human history where both birthrates and death rates were high; death rates were higher due to widespread disease, poor medical care, and unreliable food and water supplies; birthrates were high due to people wanting larger families and not having access to family planning | | 13 |
| 2126009119 | transitional stage | the second stage of industrialization where death rates decline as food production increases and medical care improves. Birthrates also remain high and population growth increases because births exceed deaths. | | 14 |
| 2126010006 | industrial stage | the third stage of industrialization where there are an increase of job opportunities outside the home, particularly for women. Couples may choose to have less children because there is less of a fear of losing them to disease or famine. Birthrates fall, closing the gap with death rates which causes the population growth to also fall. | | 15 |
| 2126010857 | post-industrial stage | the fourth stage of industrialization where both birthrates and death rates fall to low and stable levels. Population sizes stabilize or decline slightly but are much higher than they were at the pre-industrial stage. | | 16 |
| 2126010858 | developing nations | nations with moderate or low incomes that include China and Mexico and all the nations of Africa, Central America, South America, Indonesia and eastern Europe. |  | 17 |
| 2126013543 | developed nations | high-income nations including the United States, Canada, western Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and some Arab countries. | | 18 |
| 2126014553 | emerging diseases | new diseases that could become threats to the human population as a whole |  | 19 |
| 2126014554 | quality of life | how well an individual lives and includes having basic life necessities like reliable food and water supplies and a place to live. | 20 |
