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| 227455364 | Silk Road | Caravan routes connecting China and the Middle East across Central Asia and Iran. Engaged countries in trade of products, cultures, and religions | 0 | |
| 227455365 | Parthians | Iranian ruling dynasty between ca. 250 B.C.E. and 226 C.E. Major force by 247 B.C.E. Nomadic lifestyle. | 1 | |
| 227455366 | Stirrup | Device for securing a horseman's feet, enabling him to wield weapons more effectively. First evidence of the use of stirrups was among the Kushan people of northern Afghanistan in approximately the first century C.E. | 2 | |
| 227455367 | Indian Ocean Maritime System | In premodern times, a network of seaports, trade routes, and maritime culture linking countries on the rim of the Indian Ocean from Africa to Indonesia. | 3 | |
| 227455368 | Trans-Saharan Caravan Routes | Trading network linking North Africa with sub-Saharan Africa across the Sahara. | 4 | |
| 227455369 | Sahel | Belt south of the Sahara; literally 'coastland' in Arabic. | 5 | |
| 227455370 | Sub-Saharan Africa | The land south of the Sahara Desert in Africa that includes some of the world's richest mineral deposits and fertile land. | 6 | |
| 227455371 | Steppes | Treeless plains, especially the high, flat expanses of northern Eurasia, which usually have little rain and are covered with coarse grass. They are good lands for nomads and their herds. Good for breeding horses: essential to Mongol military. | 7 | |
| 227455372 | Savanna | Tropical or subtropical grassland, treeless or clumps of trees. Extensive in Sub-Saharan Africa. | 8 | |
| 227455373 | Tropical Rain Forest | High-precipitation forest zones of the Americas, Africa, and Asia lying between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn. | 9 | |
| 227455374 | "Great Traditions" | historians term for a literate, well-institutionalized complex of religiouis and socila beliefs and practices adhered to by diverse societies over a broad geographical area | 10 | |
| 227455375 | "Small Traditions" | historians term for a localized, usually nonliterate, set of customs and beliefs adhered to by a single society | 11 | |
| 227455376 | Bantu | Collective name of a large group of sub-Saharan African languages and of the peoples speaking these languages. | 12 | |
| 227455377 | Armenia | One of the earliest Christian kingdoms, situated in eastern Anatolia and the western Caucasus and occupied by speakers of the Armenian language. (p. 221) | 13 | |
| 227455378 | Ethiopia | a Christian kingdom that developed in the highlands of eastern Africa, lies east of the Nile river. Retained Christianity in the face of Muslim expansion elsewhere in Africa | 14 |
