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| 8210507945 | Bushido | The "way of the warrior;" a code of behavior of Japanese samurais that majorly stressed bravery, loyalty, and responsibility. Significance: useful to Japanese warrior in maritime and stressed the importance of being dedicated to your country. |  | 0 |
| 8211214706 | Champa Rice | One of the first variants of rice to mature and was able to withstand succumbing to natural disasters such as floods, droughts, and other early-world disasters. It opened opportunities for more trade and double cropping agricultural fields. Significance: the crop grew through the toughest times of agricultural seasons and was a trademark on fertile land, meaning it could grow very fast (however, only about 1 to 3 times a year) and was able to feed large populations for a long amount of time. |  | 1 |
| 8211262848 | Compass | Invented as a device used for navigation with mineral oxide and iron ore around c. 206 BCE. It based points as an indicator w/ its magnetic needle, pointing all directions, thus creating the first relatively accurate navigational systems. Significance: it was used by the Chinese military during maritime from 1111 - 1117 CE. |  | 2 |
| 8211290938 | Foot Binding | This trend started around the 10th century to early 20th century CE. A display of status used by females from wealthy families in Asia- particularly China, it showed that their feet were small, which was a sign of beauty and delicacy. This made the feet so bound and disfigured that they couldn't walk properly and were not able to work in fields as a result. However, it made it easier for men to confine women to the household, as men were usually responsible for the majority of all tasks in general. The binding produced such pain for some of the women that it completely restricted them from movement at all. Significance: it was popular amongst women, as it meant that they were high enough status-wise. It meant that their feet were beautiful, as bigger feet meant masculinity, were highly judged and were considered "crude." |  | 3 |
| 8211365761 | Gunpowder | An accidental invention created in the process of an attempt at trying to make a life-lengthening and immortalization elixir in 850 CE by Chinese alchemists. Significance: it was widely used by Europeans during wars and became the base for many old-age (then modernized) powder-based weapons utilized during wartime. | 4 | |
| 8211384788 | Hangul | The Korean alphabet or writing system created by the court of King Se-Jong the Great. It was the first phonetic alphabet established in the 14th century CE. Significance: helped Korea move towards greater cultural independence and reduced illiteracy rate by a large number. |  | 5 |
| 8211403536 | Hangzhou | The most populated as well as the capital of Zhejiang Province of Eastern China. It was also the capital of Southern Song Dynasty in 1132 CE. Significance: it was the seat of the Zhou, part of the construction of the Great Wall of China, and is still one of the seven ancient capitals of China in present-day. This capital was also widely acknowledged for overseas trade. |  | 6 |
| 8211403537 | Kowtow | The act of deep respect shown by prostration; kneeling or bowing to the point of touching the ground with one's forehead. Significance: this is still a major sign of respect and reverence in Eastern Asia in present-day. It is used for greetings, intonation in speech, ceremonial prayer, and worship. |  | 7 |
| 8211405714 | Mahayana Buddhism | One of the two branches of Buddhism based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama (also known as the Buddha); the difference is that one who follows this form of Buddhism prefers the straight path through life and to enlightenment rather than doing tasks to get to it. Significance: this was also a major movement in Indian history, as it caused major establishment of schools and introduced new fundamental human beliefs, values, and ideals by regular Buddhist teachings. |  | 8 |
| 8211405715 | "Middle Kingdom" | What the Chinese Empire was known as to the historic Chinese peoples. This was also a period of Egyptian history (2000 - 1785 BCE). An example of which is the 18 provinces of China during the Tang Dynasty: Jingji, Duji, Hedong, Henan, Hebei, Shannandong, Shannanxi, Longyou, Huainan, Jiangnandong, Jiangnanxi, Qianzhong, Jiangnan, and Lingnan. Significance: (c. 2030 - 1640 BCE) reunited upper and lower Egypt by Nebhepetre Mentuhotep II, flourished Egyptian culture, Thebe's prominence (period), and served as a capital and artistic center during this time. |  | 9 |
| 8211408496 | Paper and Printing System | (Invented in c. 600 CE) Woodblock printing was invented in c. 740 CE by Chinese inventors who were credited for the first newspaper, while Korea is recognized as the creators of actual paper in the 6th century BCE. Significance: paper printers and woodblock printing are obviously very important in present-day activities, and the invention further advanced culture and manufacturing in five dynasties (the most prominent being the Han Dynasty). They are two of the four greatest inventions of China: paper, the compass, gunpowder, and the printing system. |  | 10 |
| 8211408497 | Pure Land Buddhism | A series of Mahayana Buddhism, also known as Amidish in English. It is one of the most practiced traditions in Buddhism throughout Eastern Asia. Their main focus is the Buddha Amitabha and the Three Pure Land Sutras: the Longer Sukhāvatïvyūha Sütra (Infinite Life Sutra), the Shorter Sukhāvatïvyūha Sütra (), and the Amitayurdhyana Sutra (Contemplation Sutra). Significance: this was particularly popular in China and Japan, Pure Land Buddhism was a branch of Mahayana Buddhism whose elements included faith, trust, and building a personal relationship with Amitabha Buddha (their version of the Buddha, like Siddhartha Gautama). |  | 11 |
| 8213309047 | Jōdo-Shū | A school of Buddhist thinking established in the c. 2nd century BCE. This way of teaching eventually spread to China where a cult of Amitabha, by 2nd century BCE, spread the religion (or "way of life") and culture into present-day Japan around the c. 6th century CE. Significance: it also flourished in popularity once again around the c. 12th century CE when simplifications were made by Honen (b. 1133 - 1212 CE), a religious reformer who established the school. This also reduced illiteracy rates and prospered Buddhism further throughout the growing world. | 12 | |
| 8211411365 | Samurai | A military retainer of a Japanese daimyo who practices the code of conduct of bushido; member of feudal Japanese aristocracy. Significance: this is part of or is the ruling military class and highest social ranking among the caste system during the Edo period (1603 - 1867 CE). |  | 13 |
| 8211411366 | Shogun | Supreme military commander of Japan who works with the samurais. |  | 14 |
| 8211411367 | Shinto | A culture created by Greens that flourished widely between 800 - 400 BCE. Significance: Greek culture spread throughout the Mediterranean - Hellenistic Culture; Greek blending with Egyptian culture and Persian with Indian culture because of the reign of Alexander the Great. |  | 15 |
| 8211411368 | Song Dynasty | (960 - 1279 CE) A notable dynasty established by Tai Zu. Significance: this dynasty is credited for the popularization of foot binding, the invention of the compass and gunpowder, their strong navy, and trade with India and Persia (pepper and cotton). It is the first dynasty and country (as in China) to use paper money. |  | 16 |
| 8211413767 | Sui Dynasty | A super short dynasty in between the Han and Tang Dynasties. Significance: this dynasty is credited for the building of the Grand Canal building, the strengthening of their government, and took place at the same time in which Buddhism was introduced to China. |  | 17 |
| 8211413768 | Tang Dynasty | (618 - 907 CE) This dynasty is considered to be known as China's "Golden Age." Significance: this dynasty expanded China from present-day Vietnam into Manchuria (present-day Chinese provinces: Sheng of Liaoning, Jilin, and Heilongjiang), corrected imperial examination, and the invention of new technologies (including paper money, bills, gunpowder, etc.) and trade through the Silk Roads. |  | 18 |
| 8211416018 | Tribute System | The Chinese method of trading with foreigners and foreign lands that assumed subordination of all non-Chinese authorities. This required all foreigners entering China to pay "tribute." Significance: the system attempted the regulation of harmony between the Chinese, foreigners, and nomadic peoples. |  | 19 |
| 8211417655 | Xiongnu | A confederation composed of nomadic peoples living outside of the boundaries of the northwest frontier of Ancient China during the Han Dynasty. This was established in c. 200 BCE and eventually spread Central Asia out from Manchuria. Significance: this held responsibility from the nomadic-pastoral peoples at the end of the 3rd century BCE and managed to form a large tribal league that was so forceful and powerful that it was able to dominate and control the majority of Centralized Asia for over 500 years. |  | 20 |
