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Chapter 9 AP World History Flashcards

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14955786438QuranThe scared scriptures of Islam containing the revelations of Muhammad0
14955786439ummaThe just and moral society of Islam; the community of all believers replacing ethnic, tribal, and racial identities1
14955786440Pillars of IslaThe 5 pillars of Islam is the core message of the Quran and it states 5 requirements for Muslims.2
14955786441HijraThe emigration to Yathrib, also meaning "the journey" in English3
14955786442ShariaA law that regulated every aspect of life. The sharia (literally, "a path to water," which is the source of life) evolved over the several centuries following the birth of this new religion and found expression in a number of separate schools of Islamic legal practice.4
14955789334jizyaA special tax that was theoretically a substitute for military service, supposedly forbidden to non-Muslims.5
14955791632Umayyad caliphateThe ruling family of the first dynasty following the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs6
14955794709Abbasid caliphateAfter controversy during Umayyad rule, they were overthrown in 750 and up rose this new Arab dynasty- the Abbasids.7
14955796908ulamaThe "international elite" of religious scholars that developed the body of Islamic law primarily in the eighth and ninth centuries.8
14955798594SufismThe system of the Sufis. The Sufis were teachers who gained a hearing for the Islamic faith through their devotional teachings, modest ways of living, and reputation for supernatural powers.9
14955802958SikhismA religious tradition founded by Guru Nanak in India that blended elements of Islam (one universald God) with Hindu concepts (karma and rebirth)10
14955805823Ibn BattutaMuslim scholar and explorer who was known for his travelling and excursions called the Rihla (journey within Moracco, typically to meet with other pilgrims before travelling beyond the local areas).11
14955807818TimbuktuOne of the several West African cities that became a major center of Islamic religious and intellectual life by the sixteenth century, attracting scholars from throughout the Muslim world.12
14955810680al-Andalusa.k.a. Muslim Spain. It was a Muslim kingdom that occupied a lot of the Iberian Peninsula until the collapse of the Umayyad dynasty.13
14955812866Mansa MusaThe ruler of the Kingdom of Mali, a kingdom that stretched over 1000 miles from the Atlantic coast to Timbuktu.14
14955815677madrassasColleges which offered more advanced instructions in the Quran and the sayings of Mohammad, grammar, rhetoric, philosophy, law medicine, mathematics, and theology.15
14955818788House of WisdomAn academic center in Baghdad created by Abbasid caliph al-Mamun, a poet and scholar, in 830.16
14955824861Ibn SinaA prolific writer in almost all fields of science and philosophy17
14955826952Mullah NasruddinAn imaginary folk character within the world of islam, especially among the sufis. He also has a skeptical attitude towards vanity and ego.18
14955830745al-GhazaliAl-Ghazali was one of the most prominent philosophers, theologians, jurists, and mystics of Sunni Islam.19

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