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| 345526512 | A transcription unit that is 8,000 nucleotides long may use 1,200 nucleotides to make a protein consisting of approximately 400 amino acids. This is best explained by the fact that | many noncoding stretches of nucleotides are present in mRNA. | |
| 345526513 | Which of the following covalently connects segments of DNA? | Ligase | |
| 345526514 | Which of the following synthesizes short segments of RNA? | Primase | |
| 345526515 | When does translation begin in prokaryotic cells? | As soon as transcription has begun | |
| 345526516 | Choose the answer that has these events of protein synthesis in the proper sequence: 1. An aminoacyl-tRNA binds to the A site. 2. A peptide bond forms between the new amino acid and a polypeptide chain. 3. tRNA leaves the P site, and the P site remains vacant. 4. A small ribosomal subunit binds with mRNA. 5. tRNA translocates to the P site. | 4, 1, 2, 5, 3. | |
| 345526517 | In the late 1950s, Meselson and Stahl grew bacteria in a medium containing "heavy" nitrogen (15N) and then transferred them to a medium containing 14N. Which of the results in the figure above would be expected after one DNA replication in the presence of 14N? | The flask with the middle, single line. | |
| 345526518 | An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements? | 5' RNA nucleotides, 3' DNA nucleotides | |
| 345527386 | What are the coding segments of a stretch of eukaryotic DNA called? | exons | |
| 345527387 | Transcription in eukaryotes requires which of the following in addition to RNA polymerase? | several transcription factors (TFs) | |
| 345527388 | Which of the following removes the RNA nucleotides from the primer and adds equivalent DNA nucleotides to the 3' end of Okazaki fragments? | DNA polymerase I | |
| 345541038 | The enzyme telomerase solves the problem of replication at the ends of linear chromosomes by | adding numerous short DNA sequences such as TTAGGG | |
| 345541039 | Using RNA as a template for protein synthesis instead of translating proteins directly from the DNA is advantageous for the cell because | RNA acts as an expendable copy of the genetic material | |
| 345541040 | In eukaryotes there are several differnet types of RNA polymerase. Which type is involved in the transcription of mRNA for globin protein? | RNA polymerase II | |
| 345541041 | Which would you expect of a eukaryotic cell lacking telomerase? | A reduction in chromosome length | |
| 345541042 | Which of the folllowing help to hold the DNA strands apart while they are being replicated? | single-strand binding proteins | |
| 345541043 | What is the effect of a nonsense mutation in a gene? | It introduces a premature stop codon into the mRNA | |
| 345541044 | What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication? | The nucleotide sequence of the template strand | |
| 345541045 | In his transformation experiments, what did Grifffith find? | Mixing a heat-killed pathogenic strain of bacteria with a living nonpathogenic strain can convert some of the living cells into the pathogenic form | |
| 345541046 | Which of the following helps to stabilize mRNA by inhibiting its degradation? | 5' GTP cap and poly (A) tail | |
| 345541047 | What is meant by the description "antiparallel" regarding the strands that make up DNA? | The 5' to 3' direction of one strand runs counter to the 5' to 3' direction of the other strand. | |
| 345541048 | A frameshift mutation could result from | either an insertion or a deletion of a base. | |
| 345541049 | What is the function of DNA polymerase III? | to add nucleotides to the end of a growing DNA strand | |
| 345541050 | The tRNA shown in figure 17.4 has its 3' strand projecting beyond its 5' end. What will occur at this 3' end? | The amino acid binds covalently | |
| 345541051 | Figure 17.4 represents tRNA that recognizes and binds a particular amino acis. Which codon on the mRNA strand codes for this amino acid? | CUU | |
| 345541052 | The leading and lagging strands differ in that | the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction. | |
| 345541053 | When translating secretory or membrane proteins, ribosomes are directed to the ER membrane by | A signal-recognition particle that brings ribosomes to a receptor protein in the ER membrane | |
| 345541054 | Which point mutation would have a catastrophic effect? | A base deletion near the start of a gene | |
| 345541055 | Cytosine makes up 38% of a the nucleotides in a sample of DNA from an organism. Approximately what percentage of the nucleotides in this sample will be thymine? | 12 | |
| 345541056 | Alternative RNA splicing | can allow the production of proteins of different sizes from a single mRNA | |
| 345541057 | Which of the following investigators was/were responsible for the following discovery? In DNA from any species, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine. | Erwin Chargaff | |
| 345541058 | Which of the following seperates DNA strands during replication | Helicase | |
| 345541059 | What amino acid sequence would be generated, based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5' AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG 3' | Met-ser-ser-leu-ser-leu | |
| 345541060 | As a ribosome translocates along an mRNA molecule by one condon, which pf the following occurs? | the tRNA that was in the A site moves into the P site | |
| 345541061 | Which of the following is true of SNRPS? | They join together to form a large structure called the spliceosome. | |
| 345541062 | In which of the following actions does RNA polymerase differ from DNA polymerase? | RNA polymerase can initiate RNA synthesis, but DNA polymerase requires a primer to initiate DNA synthesis | |
| 345541063 | According to Beadle and Tatum's hypothesis, how many genes are necessary for this pathway? | 2 | |
| 345541064 | Which is analogous to a single substitution mutation in THECATATETHERAT | THECATARETHERAT | |
| 345541065 | What kind of chemical bond is found between paired bases of the DNA double helix? | Hydrogen | |
| 345541066 | What enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5'->3' direction? | DNA polymerase 3 |
