AP US History: Out of Many
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| 288236141 | Legal Tender Act | Act creating a national currency in February 1862 | |
| 288236142 | National Bank Act | Act prohibiting state banks from issuing their own notes and forcing them to apply for federal charters | |
| 288236143 | Morrill Tariff Act | Act that raised tariffs to more than double their prewar rate | |
| 288236144 | Homestead Act | Law passed by Congress in May 1862 providing homesteads with 160 acres of free land in exchange for improving the land within five years of the grant | |
| 288236145 | Morrill Land Grant Act | Law passed by Congress in July 1862 awarding proceeds from the sale of public lands to the states for the establishment of agricultural and mechanical colleges | |
| 288236146 | Peninsular campaign | Union offensive led by McClellan with the objective of capturing Richmond | |
| 288236147 | Emancipation Proclamation | Decree announced by President Abraham Lincoln in September 1862 and formally issued on January 1, 1863 , freeing slaves in all Confederate states still in rebellion | |
| 288236148 | Thirteenth Amendment | Constitutional amendment ratified in 1865 that freed all slaves throughout the United States | |
| 288236149 | Copperheads | A term Republicans applied to northern war dissenters and those suspected of aiding the Confederate cause during the Civil War | |
| 289203169 | Ten Percent Plan | When the number of Confederate states voters who took allegiances reached 10%, Lincoln would let them establish a state government that he approved | |
| 289203170 | Radical Republicans | A shifting group of Republican congressmen, usually a substantial minority, who favored the abolition of slavery from the beginning of the Civil War and later advocated harsh treatment of the defeated South | |
| 289203171 | Wade-Davis Bill | Required 50% of seceding state's white male citizens to take loyalty oath before elections and conventions could happen to rewrite the state's constitution; required equality of former slaves; Lincoln pocket-vetoed the bill | |
| 289203172 | Special Field Order 15 | Order by General William T. Sherman in Jan 1865 to set aside abandoned land along the southern Atlantic coast for forty-acre grants to freedmen; rescinded by President Andrew Johnson later that year | |
| 289203173 | Freedmen's Bureau | Agency established by Congress in March 1865 to provide social, educational, and economic services, advice, and protection to former slaves and destitute whites; lasted 7 years | |
| 289203174 | Black Codes | Laws passed by states and municipalities denying many rights of citizenship to free black people before the Civil War | |
| 289203175 | Civil Rights Act | 1866 Act that gave full citizenship to African Americans | |
| 289203176 | Congressional Reconstruction | Name given to the period 1867-1870 when the Republican-dominated Congress controlled Reconstruction-era policy | |
| 289203177 | Reconstruction Act | 1867 act that divided the South into 5 military districts subject to martial law | |
| 289203178 | Tenure of Office Act | Act stipulating that any officeholder appointed by the president with the Senate's advice and consent could not be removed until the Senate had approved a successor | |
| 289203179 | Klu Klux Klan | Perhaps the most prominent of the vigilant groups that terrorized black people in the South during the Reconstruction era, founded by the Confederate veterans in 1866 | |
| 289203180 | 15th Amendment | Passed by COngress in 1869, guaranteed the right of AMerican men to vote, regardless of race | |
| 289203181 | Sharecropping | Labor system that evolved during and after Reconstruction whereby landowners furnished laborers with a house, farm animals and tools and advanced credit in exchange for a share of the laborers' crop | |
| 289203182 | Union League | Republican Party organizations in northern cities that became an important organizing device among freedmen in southern cities after 1865 | |
| 289203183 | Carpetbaggers | Northern transplants to the South, many of whom were Union Soldiers who stayed in the South after the war | |
| 289203184 | Scalawags | Southern whites, mainly small landowning farmers and well-off merchants and planters, who supported the southern Republican Party during Reconstruction | |
| 289203185 | Slaughterhouse Cases | Group of cases resulting in one sweeping decision by the U.S. Supreme Court in 1873 that contradicted the intent of the 14th Amendment by decreeing that most citizenship rights remained under states, not federal, control. | |
| 289203186 | Liberal Republicans | Disaffected Republicans that emphasized the doctrines of classical economics | |
| 289203187 | Compromise of 1877 | The congressional settling of the 1876 election that installed Republican Rutherford B. Hayes in the WHite House and gave Democrats control of all states governments in the South. |
