Transoceanic encounters and global connections
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| 280809257 | Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal) | Promoted exploration of Africa For: gold, knowledge about muslim power, profitable trade routes, christian missions | 0 | |
| 280809258 | Lateen Sail | Very maneuverable sails that could catch wind from any direction (side+behind) Made sailing (exploration) easier | 1 | |
| 280809259 | Astrolabe | An instrument used by greek and persian astronomers determines latitude | 2 | |
| 280809260 | Cross Staff | Easier instrument to determine latitude than astrolabe Measures angle of sun or pole star above horizon | 3 | |
| 280809261 | Vasco da Gama | First to sail to India and back | 4 | |
| 280809262 | Christopher Columbus | Genoese mariner who thought he could reach India by sailing west | 5 | |
| 280809263 | Taino | Inhabitants of the island Columbus landed at | 6 | |
| 280809264 | Ferdinand Magellan | First to sail around the world and across the Pacific Ocean Portuguese sailor Treacherous expedition, circumnavigated South America | 7 | |
| 280809265 | James Cook | Explored Pacific, and charted as far as Hawaii | 8 | |
| 280809266 | Trading Post | Fortified trading sites, where trade could be controlled and profits could be made. Foothold for colonizing countries | 9 | |
| 280809267 | English East India Company | English joint-stock company that was supported by gov't but not regulated, allowing it to buy and sell goods, build trading posts, and make war on behalf of the gov't | 10 | |
| 280809268 | Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie | Dutch counterpart to English East-India Trading Company | 11 | |
| 280809269 | Seven Years' War | Britain, Prussia, and Indians against France, Austria, Russia, and Indians Global conflict, "the war for empire" France wanted to stop Britain from expanding to Americas Combined with French and Indian War in Americas and spread to India and Caribbean | 12 | |
| 280809270 | Columbian Exchange | The diffusion of plants, animals from Americas to Europe, and Diseases from Europe to Americas beginning with Cristoforo Colombo | 13 |
