Chemistry Chapter 3: Properties of Matter and Energy
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| 229436409 | physical properties | properties that can be observed or measured without changing the substance into another substance | 1 | |
| 229436410 | physical state | solid, liquid, or gas | 2 | |
| 229436411 | solid | composed of matter whose particles are close together and are relatively fixed in position (definite shape and definite volume) | 3 | |
| 229436412 | liquid | particles are close together, but they are able to move past each other (indefinite shape and definite volume) | 4 | |
| 229436413 | gas | atoms or molecules that are not close to one another and move independently and in random motion (indefinite volume and indefinite shape) | 5 | |
| 229436414 | melting point | the temperature at which a particular element or compound changes from the solid state to the liquid state | 6 | |
| 229436415 | freezing point | the temperature at which a particular element or compound changes from the liquid state to the solid state | 7 | |
| 229436416 | boiling point | the temperature at which boiling begins | 8 | |
| 229436417 | boiling | the point at which gas bubbles begin to escape from liquid | 9 | |
| 229436418 | condensation | change from gas to liquid | 10 | |
| 229436419 | physical change | does not involve a change in the composition of the substance but is simply a change in physical state or dimensions | 11 | |
| 229436420 | intensive properties | (clarity, color, density) properties whose value does not depend on the amount of material present | 12 | |
| 229436421 | extensive properties | (mass, volume) properties whose value does depend on the amount of material present | 13 | |
| 229436422 | chemical properties | the tendency of a pure substance to undergo chemical changes | 14 | |
| 229436423 | chemical changes | transforming one substance into one or more other substances | 15 | |
| 229436424 | Law of Conservation of Mass | States that matter is neither created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, it just changes form | 16 | |
| 229436425 | density | ratio of mass to volume at a given temperature | 17 | |
| 229436426 | density of a pure substance | constant property that can be used to identify the substance | 18 | |
| 229436427 | specific gravity | related to density, the ratio of the mass of a substance to the mass of an equal volume of water under the same conditions (density of a substance/density of water) | 19 | |
| 229436428 | heterogeneous mixture | a non-uniform mixture containing two or more phases with definite bounderies between the phases | 20 | |
| 229436429 | phase | one physical state with distinct bounderies and uniform properties | 21 | |
| 229436430 | homogeneous mixture | a mixture is the same throughout and contains only one phase | 22 | |
| 229436431 | alloy | a homogeneous mixture of metallic elements with one solid phase | 23 | |
| 229453884 | energy | the capacity or ability to do work (nuclear, light or radiant, chemical, heat, electrical, mechanical) | 24 | |
| 229453885 | Law of Conservation of Energy | energy cannot be created or destroyed, but only transformed from one form to another. Changes may be accompanied by either the release or absorption of heat energy. | 25 | |
| 229453886 | exothermic reaction | releases heat (ex: combustion) | 26 | |
| 229453887 | endothermic reaction | absorbs heat (ex: ice melting) | 27 | |
| 229453888 | potential energy | available because of position or composition | 28 | |
| 229453889 | kinetic energy | energy resulting from motion | 29 | |
| 229453890 | Specific Heat Capacity | a physical property of matter, that relates temperature changes to the amount of heat; the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance one degree Celsius (or Kelvin); (E/m∗∆T)=((J or cal)/ g∗°C) | 30 | |
| 229453891 | calorie (cal) | amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water from 14.5 °C to 15.5 °C | 31 | |
| 229453892 | Joule (J) | SI unit of heat energy | 32 | |
| 229453893 | Calorie | measure of food energy; determined by burning dried food in such a way that the heat released is used to heat water; its equal to 1000 calories | 33 | |
| 229993383 | solution | a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances uniformly dispersed throughout a single phase; frequently liquid | 34 | |
| 229993384 | distillation | a process that separates the components of a solution based on their boiling points | 35 |
