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Chemisty Chapter 4 Flashcards

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962789334ActinideShiny, metallic transition metals with atomic numbers 90 through 103 in which electrons are added to 5f orbitals1
962789335alkali metalGroup 1, 1 electron in outer level, very reactive, soft, silver, shiny, low density; Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium, Francium2
962789336alkaline earth metalmetallic elements in group 2 of the periodic table which are harder than the alkali metals and are also less reactive3
962789337groupA column on the periodic table4
962789338halogenIn group 17. Contains nonmetals, 7 valence electrons in it's outermost energy level. Very reactive. Combines with many metals and salts5
962789339lanthanideShiny, metallic transition metals with atomic numbers 58-71 in which the electrons are added to 4f orbitals6
962789340main group elementgroups 1,2, 13-187
962789341metalElements that are good conductors of heat and electric current.8
962789342noble gasCompletely nonreactive family of nonmetals; have 8 valence e-; all are gases at room temp9
962789343nonmetalElements that are poor conductors of heat and electric current10
962789344periodA horizontal row of elements in the periodic table11
962789345periodic lawthe principle that chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers12
962789346plasmaa fourth state of matter distinct from solid or liquid or gas and present in stars and fusion reactors13
962789347saltA compound made of minerals that, in water, dissolve and form electrolytes14
962789348semiconductorA crystalline material with intermediate electrical conductivity15
962789349transition metalsElements in groups 3-1216
962789350alloy..., A COMBINATION; A MIXTURE OF TWO OR MORE METALS17
962789351conduction band..., a band within which or into which electrons must move to allow electrical conduction and flow18
962789352crystala substance in which the atoms are arranged in orderly, geometric repeating pattern19
962789353bond radius..., half the distance from center to center of two like atoms that are bonded together20
962789354electron affinity..., Energy released when an atom or ion in the gaseous state gains an electron. Increases from left to right and from bottom to top on the Periodic Table.21
962789355electron shielding..., the reduction of the attractive force between a positively charged nucleus and its outermost electrons due to the cancellation of some of the positive charge by the negative charges of the inner electrons22
962789356ionization energy..., The amount of energy required to remove an electron from an atom23
962789357van der waals radius..., half the distance between the nuclei in adjacent nonbonded molecules24
962789358nuclear reaction..., A reaction that involves a change in the nucleus of an atom25
962789359superheavy element..., an element whose atomic number is greater than 10626
962789360transmutation..., A type of nuclear reaction that changes the nucleas of an atom into the nucleas of another one27

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