Ch. 16 of Traditions & Encounter: A Brief Global History
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| 268742882 | Capetion Kings | Leaders of the early French dynasty by the same name. | 0 | |
| 268742883 | Carolignian Empire | Germanic dynasty that was named after its most famous member, Charlemagne. | 1 | |
| 268742884 | Cathedral Schools | Because of an increase in Europe's wealth and social complexity, demand for educated individuals who could deal with complicated political, legal, and theological issues became very high. This lead to the creation of __________ _________. | 2 | |
| 268742885 | Charlemagne | King of the Franks and the Holy Roman Empire. | 3 | |
| 268742886 | Chivalry | European medieval concept, a code of conduct for the knights based on loyalty and honor. | 4 | |
| 268742887 | Crusades | "Holy War" ; When a pope declared one of these wars, warriors would "take up the cross" as a symbol of their faith, sew strips of cloth in the form of cross on the back of there garments, and venture forth to fight on behalf of Christianity. | 5 | |
| 268742888 | Eastern Orthodox Church | An eastern branch of Christianity that evolved after the division of the Roman Empire and the subsequent development of the Byzantine Empire in the east and the medieval European society in the west. The Eastern Orthodox Church acknowledged what became known as the Byzantine rite and recognized the primacy of the patriarch of Constantinople. | 6 | |
| 268742889 | Eucharist | When Priests offered a ritual meal commemorating Jesus' last meal with his disciples before his trial and crucifixion by Roman Authorities. | 7 | |
| 268742890 | Feudalism | a political and social system that developed during the Middle Ages; nobles offered protection and land in return for service | 8 | |
| 268742891 | Guilds | Organizations whose membership is based on occupation. they often regulate the production and sale of goods and serve as mutual aid societies for their members. They were particularly powerful in medieval European cities. | 9 | |
| 268742892 | Hanseatic League | A commercial and defensive confederation s of free cities in northern Germany and surrounding areas in the 13th and 14th centuries. | 10 | |
| 268742893 | Holy Roman Empire | A confederation of states mostly in central and western Europe. It began in 962 C.E. with the crowning of Otto I by the Pope. | 11 | |
| 268742894 | Manors | Large estates of the nobles during the European middle ages, home for the majority of the peasants. | 12 | |
| 268742895 | Normans | Descendents of the Vikings who inhabited the Norman coast. Although they were supposed to be subjects of the Carolingians and Capetians, they did what they wanted, ignoring their lords. They were the founders of the English monarchy and followed William the Conqueror; they took over Britain in the battle of Hastings in 1066. | 13 | |
| 268742896 | Otto of Saxony | Proclaimed king by Pope John XII in 962 C.E.; he founded the Holy Roman Empire. | 14 | |
| 268742897 | Pope Gregory I | The individual most important in providing the Roman church with its sense of identity and direction. He strengthened the pop's control of the church doctrine by reasserting papal primacy - the claim that the bishop of Rome was the ultimate authority in the Christian church. | 15 | |
| 268742898 | Pope Urban II | Pope that launched the crusades in 1095. Sent people untrained and unfit for battle on a crusade to capture Palestine. | 16 | |
| 268742899 | Relics | the body parts, clothing, or objects associated with a holy figure, relics were stored in reliquaries | 17 | |
| 268742900 | Reconquista | Crusade, ending in 1492, to drive the Islamic forces out of Spain. | 18 | |
| 268742902 | Roman Catholic Church | one of the three major branches of Christianity, together with the Eastern Orthodox Church, a second of the three major branches of Christianity, arose out of the division of the Roman Empire by Emperor Diocletian into four governmental regions; two western regions centered in Rome, and two eastern regions centered in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey). In 1054 CE Christianity was divided along that same line when the Eastern Orthodox Church, centered in Constantinople; and the Roman Catholic Church, centered in Rome, split. | 19 | |
| 268742903 | Sacraments | Sacred rituals performed by the Catholic church. There are seven: baptism, confirmation, marriage, communion, penance, holy order (that is, becoming a priest), and extreme unction (words spoken at the death bed). | 20 | |
| 268742904 | Scholasticism | Medieval attempt of thinkers like St.Thomas Aquinas to merge the beliefs of Christianity with the logical rigor of Greek Philosophy. | 21 | |
| 268742905 | Serfs | Peasants who, while not chattel slaves, were tied to the land and who owed obligation to their lord.owed money on.whose land that | 22 | |
| 268742906 | St. Benedict of Nursia | 1. a wealthy young man who was disgusted by the class systems and chaos of Italy 2. in ca. 520 CE he gave his wealth away and opted for a life of poverty, seclusion in the desert, and self sufficiency 3. with some random people who decided to follow him, he developed the first monastery: First Western Monastic Order of Benedict | 23 | |
| 268742907 | St Scholastica | Twin sister of St. Benedict, established a nunery that followed her brothers code, a devout woman, she died and was buried by her brother (193) | 24 | |
| 268742908 | St. Thomas of Aquinas | A dominican friar who studies theology at the University of Paris, eventually creating his encyclopedic work, the Summa Theologiae - summary of theology; one of the most important books of its time. | 25 | |
| 268742909 | William the Conqueror | duke of Normandy who led the Norman invasion of England and became the first Norman to be King of England. He defeated Harold II at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 and introduced many Norman customs into England (1027-1087) | 26 |
