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| 9878977808 | Women's Rights | equality for women, right to vote, equal pay, reproduction rights |  | 0 |
| 9878977809 | Civil Rights Act (1964) | Banned discrimination in public accommodations; prohibited discrimination in any federally assisted program; outlawed discrimination in most employment; enlarged federal powers to protect voting rights and to speed school desegregation; this and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, helped give African-Americans equality on paper, and more federally-protected power so that social equality was a more realistic goal |  | 1 |
| 9878977810 | Cesar Chavez | 1927-1993. Farm worker, labor leader, and civil-rights activist who helped form the National Farm Workers Association, later the United Farm Workers. |  | 2 |
| 9878977811 | American Indian Movement | Led by Dennis Banks and Russell Means; purpose was to obtain equal rights for Native Americans; protested at the site of the Wounded Knee massacre |  | 3 |
| 9878977812 | Martin Luther King Jr | U.S. Baptist minister and civil rights leader. A noted orator, he opposed discrimination against blacks by organizing nonviolent resistance and peaceful mass demonstrations. He was assassinated in Memphis, Tennessee. Nobel Peace Prize (1964) |  | 4 |
| 9878977813 | Robert F Kennedy | He ran for President in 1968; stirred a response from workers, African Americans, Hispanics, and younger Americans; would have captured Democratic nomination but was assassinated by Sirhan Sirhan after victory speech during the California primary in June 1968. |  | 5 |
| 9878977814 | Birmingham | Alabama city; peaceful marches in 1963 were broken up brutally by city police. |  | 6 |
| 9878977815 | Voting Rights Act (1965) | A law established to help obliterate barriers to African American suffrage. Hundreds of thousands of African Americans were registered to vote and many African American officials were elected. |  | 7 |
| 9878977816 | Little Rock Nine | Nine black teenagers who integrated Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957 and became the focus of a national crisis that required the intervention of federal troops to resolve. |  | 8 |
| 9878977817 | Sit-Ins | Protests by black college students, 1960-1961, who took seats at "whites only" lunch counters and refused to leave until served; in 1960 over 50,000 participated in sit-ins across the South. The aim of this tactic was to shame restaurant managers into integrating their business. Their success prompted the formation of the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee. |  | 9 |
| 9878977818 | Freedom Rides | a series of political protests against segregation by Blacks and Whites who rode buses together through the American South in 1961 |  | 10 |
| 9878977819 | Warren Court | The chief justice that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson in Brown v. Board of Education (1954); he was the first justice to help the Civil Rights Movement; judicial activism |  | 11 |
| 9878977820 | Burger Court | A conservative jurist appointed by Nixon that nonetheless continued the judicial activism of the Warren Court as seen by Roe v. Wade; this was due to the other members of the court rather than his own liberal beliefs |  | 12 |
| 9878977821 | Brown v Board of Education | 1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal, and ordered all public schools desegregated. |  | 13 |
| 9878977822 | Great Society | President Johnson's program to improve American society. The goal was to enact domestic programs to improve education (federal aid), provide medical care for the ages (Medicare), and eliminate poverty. |  | 14 |
| 9878977823 | War on Poverty | President Lyndon B. Johnson's program in the 1960's to provide greater social services for the poor and elderly |  | 15 |
| 9878977824 | Jackie Robinson | The first African American to play Major League Baseball. He was the first man to integrate sports. Later on, African American music and actors became popular. |  | 16 |
| 9878977825 | Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas | This was the first high school to be integrated. 9 African Americans started going to the all white high school. The military was there to protect them. |  | 17 |
| 9878977826 | Freedom Riders | A group of young black and white people that rode buses that traveled south to Alabama. Their purpose was to protest the segregation of buses (public transportation). When they got to Alabama, they were met by people who were very angry; these people set a bus on fire! |  | 18 |
| 9878977827 | Protest in Birmingham | This was a protest that showed dogs attacking young, African American protesters; police spraying protesters with water from fire station hoses; and included the arrest of Martin Luther King. Later, a church was bombed and four girls were killed. |  | 19 |
| 9878977828 | "I Have a Dream" speech | Given at the March on Washington, and written by Martin Luther King Jr., this said that one day black and white boys and girls would hold hands as one. |  | 20 |
| 9878977829 | Integration | Removing all barriers (based on race, gender, color, creed), placing groups of people together |  | 21 |
| 9878977831 | Affirmative Action | Government policies or programs that seek to address past injustices against specific groups by making special efforts to provide members of these groups with access to educational and employment opportunities. | 22 | |
| 9878977832 | Civil Disobedience | Disobeying certain laws in a non-violent way in order to make a point | 23 | |
| 9878977833 | Civil Liberties | The freedom of a citizen to exercise customary rights without unwarranted interference by the government. Protection FROM the government. | 24 | |
| 9878977834 | Civil Rights | The rights to full legal, social, and economic equality. Protection BY the government. | 25 | |
| 9878977836 | CORE | Congress of Racial Equality. A national interracial organization centered in NY that played a large role in organizing and advising protest demonstrations. It operated on the philosophy of nonviolence. | 26 | |
| 9878977837 | De Facto Segregation | Separation caused by social conditions, such as poverty or race. | 27 | |
| 9878977838 | De Jure | Literally, "BY LAW"; legally enforced practices, such as school segregation in the South or the right to vote - THE LAW | 28 | |
| 9878977839 | Equal Protection Clause | Provision by the 14th Amendment guaranteeing citizen's "the equal protection of the laws." This clause has served as the basis for the civil right of African Americans, women, and other groups. | 29 | |
| 9878977840 | Jim Crow | Laws enacted by southern states following Reconstruction that discriminated against African Americans | 30 | |
| 9878977841 | Literacy Tests | Tests given to people who were registering to vote. These tests were often unfair to African Americans, as many times, they were legal documents and difficult for anyone to understand without legal training. Also, many of these tests were biased according to who was taking the test. | 31 | |
| 9878977842 | Poll Tax | A fee charged to voters. A method of keeping poor African Americans from voting in the South prior to the 24th Amendment | 32 | |
| 9878977844 | SCLC | Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Formed in 1957 to promote nonviolent direct action. Based in Atlanta - members would travel to any city requesting help to set up sit-ins, boycotts, etc. | 33 | |
| 9878977845 | SNCC | Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee. Organized in 1960 to coordinate protest sit-ins, etc. | 34 | |
| 9878977846 | 24th Amendment | January 23, 1964. Outlawed Poll Taxes. The South used to charge a voting poll tax to deter black voters. They were usually the poorest and couldn't afford the poll tax, therefore, they did not vote. The tax was usually compounded, meaning, the next time to vote, interest would be added to the original poll tax. This means someone who didn't pay for the last election now had to pay more. The poll tax was found to be unconstitutional, and poll taxes were prohibited for both state and federal elections. | 35 | |
| 9878977848 | Rosa Parks | Activist whose protest helped spark the Montgomery bus boycott. | 36 | |
| 9878977849 | Lyndon B. Johnson | President who appointed a committee to study the causes of urban violence. | 37 | |
| 9878977850 | John F. Kennedy | President who demanded that Congress pass a sweeping civil rights law but did not live to see it enacted. | 38 | |
| 9878977852 | Dwight D. Eisenhower | President who ordered soldiers to protect African American students trying to integrate a white high school in Little Rock, Arkansas. | 39 | |
| 9878977853 | Malcolm X | Black Muslim leader who urged blacks to separate from white society. | 40 | |
| 9878977855 | Thurgood Marshall | NAACP lawyer who argued Brown v. Board of Education case before the Supreme Court. | 41 | |
| 9878977856 | Stokely Carmichael | Civil rights leader who became impatient with nonviolence & called for "Black Power" | 42 | |
| 9878977857 | Plessy v. Ferguson | Affirmed the legality of racial segregation & prompted the passage of Jim Crow laws. | 43 | |
| 9878977858 | "Separate but equal" | Doctrine relating to public education that was overturned by the Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education. | 44 | |
| 9878977860 | Public accommodations | Made segregation illegal here due to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. | 45 | |
| 9878977861 | Register voters | Voting Rights Act of 1965 enabled federal officials to do this. | 46 | |
| 9878977862 | Nonviolence | This was not advocated by the Black Panthers. | 47 | |
| 9878977864 | Montgomery Bus Boycott | First organized movement by African Americans to fight segregation. | 48 | |
| 9878977866 | Freedom riders | One accomplishment of the _______ was bringing about a federal ban on segregation in all interstate travel facilities. | 49 | |
| 9878977868 | National Organization for Women | Group founded specifically to address the grievances of women that were not adequately addressed by the Civil Rights Act of 1964. | 50 | |
| 9878977869 | Segregation | In Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, the Supreme Court declares ______ in public schools unconstitutional. | 51 | |
| 9878977870 | Voting Rights Act of 1965 | Eliminated the literacy test and stated that federal examiners could enroll voters denied suffrage by local officials. | 52 | |
| 9878977871 | Selma March | Televised scenes of violence during this event convinced Lyndon B. Johnson to ask Congress for swift passage of a voting rights act. | 53 | |
| 9878977874 | Betty Friedan | Authored the book The Feminine Mystique that inspired women to question their lives. | 54 | |
| 9878977875 | Boycott | In response, the Montgomery Improvement Association is formed to organize a _____ of Montgomery buses, and Martin Luther King, Jr. is elected its leader. | 55 | |
| 9878977876 | March on Washington | Its goal was to persuade Congress to pass Kennedy's civil rights bill. | 56 | |
| 9878977877 | Self-determination | The right which Native American groups focused on in the 1961 Declaration of Indian Purpose. | 57 | |
| 9878977878 | Farm workers | Cesar Chavez used nonviolent means to organize Mexican-American ________. | 58 | |
| 9879220258 | Rachel Carson | Biologist, wrote classic "Silent Spring", careful to document all of her findings about pesticides and herbicides affecting the environment, received much criticism on the book (even from respectable organizations) | 59 | |
| 9879235948 | Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) was | given mandatory instructions to protect the environment and the public, and deals with air, water, solid waste, pesticides and radiation standards | 60 | |
| 9879271206 | Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) | Suspects are entitled to court-appointed attorney if unable to afford one on their own | 61 | |
| 9879278727 | Miranda v. Arizona (1966) | Police must inform suspects of their rights during the arrest process | 62 | |
| 9879286012 | Engel v. Vitale (1962) | State-mandated prayer in school banned | 63 | |
| 9879298941 | New York Times co v USA | Pentagon papers cae devided nixons attempted prior restraint was unconstitutional interference with press freedom | 64 | |
| 9879306286 | Roe v Wade | legalized abortion | 65 | |
| 9879310606 | US v Nixon | Ruled that there is no constitutional guarantee of unqualified executive privilege... NO MAN IS ABOVE THE LAW | 66 | |
| 9879329137 | American Indian Movement | a civil rights group organized to promote the interests of Native Americans | 67 | |
| 9879339498 | Woodstock | 3 day rock concert in upstate N.Y. August 1969, exemplified the counterculture of the late 1960s | 68 | |
| 9879374498 | Feminism | Belief or acted on the theory in political, social, economical equality and social equality between men and women | 69 | |
| 9879401367 | Occupation of Alcatraz | March 1970 AIM lead by gained control of abandoned prison on a rock island in the San Francisco Bay | 70 |
