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| 5439084683 | Byzantine Empire | (330-1453) The eastern half of the Roman Empire, which survived after the fall of the Western Empire at the end of the 5th century C.E. Its capital was Constantinople, named after the Emperor Constantine. |  | 0 |
| 5439092449 | Hagia Sofia | The cathedral of Holy Wisdom in Constantinople built by order of the Byzantine emperor Justinian |  | 1 |
| 5439092450 | Belisarius | Byzantine general under Justinian I; he led expeditions to overthrow the Vandal kingdom in North Africa and occupied parts of Italy for Justinian |  | 2 |
| 5439098615 | Icons | Holy images |  | 3 |
| 5439098616 | Rurik | Legendary Scandinavian, regarded as founder of the first kingdom of Russia based in Kiev in 855 C.E. |  | 4 |
| 5439101346 | Yaroslav I | ruled Kievan Russia from 1019-1054 AD; introduced Pravda Russkia | 5 | |
| 5439112699 | Balkans | Various peoples in this area of Eastern Europe rebelled against Ottoman rule, contributing to their imperial decline. | 6 | |
| 5439112700 | Justinian | Byzantine emperor in the 6th century A.D. who reconquered much of the territory previously ruler by Rome, initiated an ambitious building program , including Hagia Sofia, as well as a new legal code |  | 7 |
| 5439115549 | Greek Fire | Flammable liquid used as a weapon by the Byzantine navy |  | 8 |
| 5439115550 | Iconoclasm | Opposing or even destroying images, especially those set up for religious veneration in the belief that such images represent idol worship. | 9 | |
| 5439121348 | Vladimir I | Russian ruler who adopted Christianity as the religion for his people | 10 | |
| 5439123893 | Boyars | Russian landholding aristocrats; possessed less political power than their western European counterparts |  | 11 |
| 5439123894 | Manzikert | Seljuk Turk victory in 1071 over Byzantium; resulted in loss of the empire's rich Anatolian territory. | 12 | |
| 5439127006 | Theodora | the wife of Justinian, she helped to improve the status of women in the Byzantinian Empire and encouraged her husband to stay in Constntinople and fight the Nike Revolt. |  | 13 |
| 5439129843 | Bulgaria | Slavic kingdom established in northern portions of Balkan peninsula; constant source of pressure on Byzantine Empire; defeated by Emperor Basil II in 1014 | 14 | |
| 5439132650 | Cyril and Methodius | brothers who helped conversion of Slavic people; created Cyrillic alphabet |  | 15 |
| 5439135026 | Russian Orthodoxy | Russian form of Christianity imported from Byzantine Empire and combined with local religion; king characteristically controlled major appointments | 16 | |
| 5439137408 | Tatars | Mongols who conquered RUssian cities during the 13th century; left Russian church and aristocracy intact. |  | 17 |
