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| 4949248400 | Silk Road | 4,000 miles of trade routes from western China to southwest Asia - very expensive and dangerous to travel | 0 | |
| 4949248401 | silk | most valuable Chinese export trade product, found as far away as Greece | 1 | |
| 4949248402 | bronze casting | *Shang artists created beautiful works of art (vases, drinking cups, sculptures, urns) using clay molds with detailed designs carved into them | 2 | |
| 4949248403 | movable type | *an easy way of printing books (instead of handwriting them) | 3 | |
| 4949248404 | gunpowder | *created by Chinese for use in explosives, fireworks, and "fire lances" (an ancestor of guns) | 4 | |
| 4949248405 | magnetic compass | *allowed Chinese sailors to navigate and go further from land (without fear or being lost) | 5 | |
| 4949248406 | stirrup and saddle | *developed by the Chinese for their cavalry forces | 6 | |
| 4949248407 | civil service | *process of using examinations to identify qualified candidates for government jobs - favored rich because their families could help them prepare | 7 | |
| 4949248408 | The Analects | *a book of Confucius's sayings (Lun Yu) | 8 | |
| 4949248409 | Qin Shihuangdi | first emperor of China; founder of Qin dynasty. used legalism to punish or kill anyone who dared disagree with him, overthrown by those who believed him cruel | 9 | |
| 4949248410 | Han Wudi | created long, difficult exams to find qualified people for government jobs | 10 | |
| 4949248411 | Empress Wu | *the only woman in Chinese history to rule China on her own (Tang dynasty) | 11 | |
| 4949248412 | Huang He | the first center of civilization - also called the "yellow river" for its rich yellow soil and "China's sorrow" for its dangers when flooding | 12 | |
| 4949248413 | Yangtze | also called the Chang Jiang, another fertile river | 13 | |
| 4949248414 | 10% | China's land that can be farmed (the rest is mountains and deserts) | 14 | |
| 4949248415 | Gobi Desert | a cold and rocky area on China's north border, between it and Mongolia | 15 | |
| 4949248416 | Middle Kingdom | what the Chinese called their homeland, which they saw as the center of the world | 16 | |
| 4949248417 | Shang | first major empire and dynasty | 17 | |
| 4949248418 | dynasty | a line of rulers from the same family | 18 | |
| 4949248419 | warlord | governed the territories in Shang kingdom, a military leader with his/her own private army | 19 | |
| 4949248420 | aristocrat | an upper class noble whose wealth came from land ownership passed from one generation to the next | 20 | |
| 4949248421 | farmers | 9 out of 10 Chinese were | 21 | |
| 4949248422 | ancestors and spirits | Chinese made food and other offerings to their | 22 | |
| 4949248423 | oracle bones | how the early Chinese predicted the future and received answers from the gods - the earliest known Chinese writing | 23 | |
| 4949248424 | pictographs | characters that stand for objects | 24 | |
| 4949248425 | Zhou | originally a vassal family of the Shang; possibly Turkic-speaking in origin; overthrew Shang and established 2nd Chinese dynasty (1122-256 B.C.E.).replaced the Shang, longest dynasty in Chinese history (800 years) | 25 | |
| 4949248426 | Wu Wang | Zhou king who led the rebellion against the Shang - people hated them for living in luxury and mistreating the people | 26 | |
| 4949248427 | bureaucracy | group of appointed officials who are responsible for different parts of government | 27 | |
| 4949248428 | religious rituals | the king's chief duty as their link between heaven and earth (Remember the pharaohs?!) | 28 | |
| 4949248429 | Mandate of Heaven | the idea that the king was given a formal order to rule by the gods because of his talent and virtue | 29 | |
| 4949248430 | Period of the Warring States | between Zhou and Qin - when local rulers warred for control | 30 | |
| 4949248431 | conscript | to use laws to force a citizen to join the army | 31 | |
| 4949248432 | cavalry | soldiers on horses | 32 | |
| 4949248433 | merchants | lived in towns and provided goods and services to landowners, lower than farmers in the class system | 33 | |
| 4949248434 | filial piety | children showing respect for parents and older family members | 34 | |
| 4949248435 | women | could not hold government posts and mostly raised children and managed household | 35 | |
| 4949248436 | philosophy | a theory or attitude that guides behavior | 36 | |
| 4949248437 | Confucius | China's first great thinker and teacher, wanted to end the problems in China and bring peace | 37 | |
| 4949248438 | duty | Confucius believed people needed a sense of [ ] and to put others before themselves for the common good | 38 | |
| 4949248439 | Golden Rule | One of Confucius's ideas: "What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others." | 39 | |
| 4949248440 | Confucianism | family and community before ourselves, anyone with talent should serve in government to make a better world | 40 | |
| 4949248441 | Daoism | Give up worldly pleasures and desires and focus on nature and the force that guides all things | 41 | |
| 4949248442 | Laozi | "the Old Master," whose ideas were the basis of Daoism | 42 | |
| 4949248443 | Dao De Jing | "The Way of the Dao" - the collection of Daoist ideas | 43 | |
| 4949248444 | Legalism | believed that humans were naturally evil and only a strong system of law and harsh punishments could bring peace | 44 | |
| 4949248445 | Hanfeizi | developed the teachings of Legalism | 45 | |
| 4949248446 | Han | dynasty succeeding the Qin ruled from 202 B.C.E. to 220 C.E. established by Liu Bang after the Qin dynasty, less harsh but continued use of provinces and censors | 46 | |
| 4949248447 | censors | government officials whose job it was to make sure everyone else did their jobs | 47 | |
| 4949248448 | tenant farmers | live and work on land belonging to aristocrats and pay rent in crops | 48 | |
| 4949248449 | rudder, acupuncture, paper, steel | important Han inventions | 49 | |
| 4949248450 | Buddhism | took hold in China, provided people comfort during the time of civil war | 50 | |
| 4949248451 | porcelain | very thin, fine clay baked at high temperatures and used to create dishes | 51 | |
| 4949248452 | Great Wall | Chinese defensive fortification built to keep out northern nomadic invaders; Qin Shihuangdi began constructing this protect from the Xiongnu (invaders from the North) | 52 | |
| 4949295056 | Shi | the scholars of ancient China and thus were a very prestigious class. | 53 | |
| 4949317814 | Qin | dynasty (221-207 B.C.E.) founded at the end of the Warring States period. | 54 |
