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| 11624886104 | Classical Oration Structure | lines up the structure of the orations with different rhetorical appeals to increase its effectiveness; created by Roman lawyer Cicero; five parts | 0 | |
| 11624886105 | Part 1 - The Introduction (Exordium) | the speaker/writer tries to win the attention and goodwill of an audience while introducing a subject or problem; appeal to ethos | 1 | |
| 11624886106 | Part 2 - Narration (Narratio) | the speaker/writer presents the facts of the case explaining what happened when, who is involved, and so on; appeal to logos | 2 | |
| 11624886108 | Part 3 - Confirmation (Confirmatio) | the speaker/writer offers detailed support for the claim using both logical reasoning and factual evidence; appeal to logos | 3 | |
| 11624886109 | Part 4 - Refutation (Refutatio) | addresses the counterargument; the speaker/writer refutes opposing claims or evidence; appeal to logos | 4 | |
| 11624886110 | Part 5 - Conclusion (Peroratio) | the speaker/writer summarizes the case and moves the audience to action; tries to answer "so what?"; appeal to pathos | 5 |
