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| 5329698167 | neurology | What is the study of the nervous system? | 0 | |
| 5329698168 | neurosurgery | What is surgery involving the nervous system? | 1 | |
| 5329698169 | neurophysiology | What is the study of the biological function of the nervous system? | 2 | |
| 5329698170 | neuroanatomy | What is the study of the structure of the nervous system? | 3 | |
| 5329698171 | central nervous system (CNS) | Based on anatomical components, what division of the nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord? | 4 | |
| 5329698172 | peripheral nervous system | Based on anatomical components, what division of the nervous system is made up of cranial nerves, spinal nerves, and ganglia? | 5 | |
| 5329698173 | cranial nerves | What are nerves that extend from the brain? | 6 | |
| 5329698174 | spinal nerves | What are nerves that extend from the spinal cord? | 7 | |
| 5329698175 | ganglia | What are clusters of neuron cell bodies outside of the CNS? | 8 | |
| 5329698176 | Collecting information. Processing and evaluating information. Responding to information. | What are the three general functions of the CNS and PNS? | 9 | |
| 5329698177 | sensory division | What division of the nervous system is responsible for receiving sensory information and transmitting it to the CNS? | 10 | |
| 5329698178 | somatic sensory | What subdivision of the sensory division of the nervous system deals with general senses of the body wall? | 11 | |
| 5329698179 | somatic sensory | What subdivision of the sensory division of the nervous system deals with general somatic senses (touch, pain, pressure, vibration, temperature, and proprioception)? | 12 | |
| 5329698180 | visceral sensory | What subdivision of the sensory division of the nervous system deals with stretch and temperature from blood vessels and internal organs? | 13 | |
| 5329698181 | motor division | What functional division of the nervous system transmits impulses from the CNS to muscles and glands? | 14 | |
| 5329698182 | Somatic motor system. Visceral motor system (autonomic nervous system). | List the two subdivisions of the motor division. | 15 | |
| 5329698183 | somatic motor system | What subdivision of the motor division of the nervous system controls skeletal muscles? | 16 | |
| 5329698184 | visceral motor system (autonomic nervous system) | What subdivision of the motor division of the nervous system is involuntary and controls cardiac and smooth muscle and glands? | 17 | |
| 5329698186 | "neurons — initiate and transmit impulses glial cells — support and protect the neurons" | List and define the two cell types of the nervous system. | 18 | |
| 5329698187 | neuron | What type of cell initiates and transmits impulses within the nervous system? | 19 | |
| 5329698188 | glial cells | What type of cells support and protect neurons? |  | 20 |
| 5329698189 | cell body | What part of a neuron holds the nucleus and is the control center of the cell? | 21 | |
| 5329698190 | dendrites | What part of a neuron conducts impulses toward the cell body? | 22 | |
| 5329698191 | axon | What part of a neuron conducts impulses away from the cell body? |  | 23 |
| 5329698192 | a nerve | What is a cablelike bundle of parallel axons? |  | 24 |
| 5329698193 | synapse | What is a functional connection for the transmission of impulses from a neuron to a second cell? | 25 | |
| 5329698194 | 3rd week | When does the nervous system begin to develop? | 26 | |
| 5329698195 | ectoderm | From which germ layer does the nervous system develop? | 27 | |
| 5329698196 | neural plate | What is the thickened portion of tissue over the notochord called? | 28 | |
| 5329698197 | neuralation | What is the process in which structures of the nervous system are formed? | 29 | |
| 5329698198 | neural groove | During the development of the nervous system, what longitudinal indentation forms from the neural plate? |  | 30 |
| 5329698199 | neural tube | During the development of the nervous system, what hollow structure is formed as the neural folds meet? |  | 31 |
| 5329698200 | 1.35-1.4 kg (~3 lbs) | What is the average range of weight of the human brain? | 32 | |
| 5329698201 | 1200 - 1500 cc | What is the average volume of the human brain? | 33 | |
| 5329698202 | 100 billion | How many neurons make up the CNS? | 34 | |
| 5329698203 | gray matter | What type of tissue within the CNS houses motor neuron and interneuron cell bodies, dendrites, telodendria, and unmyelinated axons? | 35 | |
| 5329698204 | white matter | What type of tissue within the CNS houses myelinated axons? | 36 | |
| 5329698205 | cerebral cortex | What is the superficial sheet of gray matter covering most of the adult brain? | 37 | |
| 5329698206 | cerebral nuclei | Within the interior of the brain what are clusters of gray matter? | 38 | |
| 5329698207 | meninges | Collectively what are the three connective tissue layers that separate the soft tissue of the brain from the bones of the cranium, enclose and protect blood vessels that supply the brain, and contain and circulate cerebrospinal fluid? | 39 | |
| 5329698208 | dura mater | Surrounding the CNS, what is the external, tough, dense irregular connective tissue layer composed of two fibrous layers? |  | 40 |
| 5329698210 | "periosteal layer menigeal layer" | What are the two layers of the dura mater? | 41 | |
| 5329698211 | dural venous sinuses | What spaces are formed when the two layers of the dura mater separate? |  | 42 |
| 5329698212 | epidural space | What potential space lies between the dura and the cranium? | 43 | |
| 5329698213 | subdural space | What potential space lies between the dura and the arachnoid? | 44 | |
| 5329698214 | arachnoid (arachnoid mater or arachnoid membrane) | Which meninx is deep to and in contact with the dura? | 45 | |
| 5329698215 | subarachnoid space | What real space lies just deep to the arachnoid? | 46 | |
| 5329698216 | pia mater | What meninx is the deepest and, unlike that others, follows the contours of the brain? |  | 47 |
| 5329698217 | cranial dural septa | Collectively what are the four extensions of the dura mater that extend as flat partitions into the cranial cavity to provide additional stabilization and support for the brain? |  | 48 |
| 5329698218 | ventricles | What are the cavities within the brain? |  | 49 |
| 5329698219 | cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) | What is the clear, colorless liquid that circulates in the ventricles and subarachnoid space of the brain? | 50 | |
| 5329698220 | buoyancy, protection, environmental stability | List the functions of cerebrospinal fluid. | 51 | |
| 5329698221 | choroid plexuses | Within the ventricles of the brain what structures form CSF? | 52 | |
| 5329698222 | 500 ml | About how much CSF is formed every day? | 53 | |
| 5329698223 | 100-160 ml | About how much CSF is within and around the CNS at any one time? | 54 | |
| 5329698224 | arachnoid granulations (villi) | What structures reabsorb CSF? |  | 55 |
| 5329698225 | Choroid plexus makes it in each ventricle (V). Lateral ventricles through interventricular foramina to the 3rd V. To the cerebral aqueduct to the 4th V. Into the subarachnoid space from the 4th V or into the spinal cord's central canal. Subarachnoid space. Reabsorbed into the blood through arachnoid granulations in the venous sinuses. | Outline the flow of CSF. | 56 | |
| 5329698226 | Regulates what substances enter the interstitial fluid of the brain. | What is the function of the blood-brain barrier? | 57 | |
| 5329698227 | Conscious thought processes. Origin of all complex intellectual functions | What are the functions of the cerebrum? | 58 | |
| 5329698228 | cerebral cortex | What is the outer layer of gray matter of the cerebrum? |  | 59 |
| 5329698229 | gyri (singular = gyrus) | What are the elevated ridges on the surface of the cerebrum? | 60 | |
| 5329698230 | sulci (singular = sulcus) | What are the shallow depressions on the surface of the cerebrum? | 61 | |
| 5329698231 | fissures | What are the deep grooves of the cerebrum? | 62 | |
| 5329698232 | cerebral hemispheres | What are the two halves of the cerebrum? |  | 63 |
| 5329698233 | longitudinal fissure | What deep groove separates the two halves of the cerebrum? |  | 64 |
| 5329698234 | corpus callosum | What large tract of white matter connects the two halves of the cerebrum and is the main method of communication between them? |  | 65 |
| 5329698235 | 1) It is usually difficult to assign a precise function to a specific region. 2) Usually the hemispheres receive information from and send motor commands to the opposite side of the body. 3) The hemispheres display functional differences (lateralization). | What are three important points with respect to the cerebral hemispheres? | 66 | |
| 5329698236 | 5 | How many lobes lie within cerebral hemisphere? | 67 | |
| 5329698237 | frontal | What is the most anterior of the cerebral lobes? |  | 68 |
| 5329698238 | central sulcus, lateral sulcus | What are the anatomical borders of the most anterior of the cerebral lobes? |  | 69 |
| 5329698239 | precentral gyrus | What important anatomical feature of the frontal lobe lies immediately anterior to the central sulcus and is responsible for primary motor function? |  | 70 |
| 5329698240 | control voluntary skeletal muscle activity | What is the function of the primary motor cortex? | 71 | |
| 5329698241 | motor speech area (Broca's area) | What portion of the frontal lobe is involved with control of muscles involved with speech, is located on the inferolateral portion of the lobe, and is usually on the left side? |  | 72 |
| 5329698242 | inferolateral portion of the left frontal lobe | The motor speech area is located within what region of the brain? | 73 | |
| 5329698243 | Regulating patterns of breathing and controlling the muscular movements necessary for vocalization. | What is the function of the motor speech area? | 74 | |
| 5329698244 | "Voluntary motor functions. Concentration. Verbal communication. Decision making. Planning. Personality. | List the primary functions of the frontal lobe of the cerebrum. | 75 | |
| 5329698246 | parietal lobe | What lobe of the cerebrum forms the superoposterior part of each cerebral hemisphere? |  | 76 |
| 5329698247 | postcentral gyrus | What important anatomical feature lies immediately posterior to the central sulcus? |  | 77 |
| 5329698248 | parietal lobe | What lobe of the cerebrum deals with general sensory functions such as evaluating the shape and texture of objects being touched? |  | 78 |
| 5329698249 | postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobes | Where does the primary somatosensory cortex lie? |  | 79 |
| 5329698250 | Receiving information on touch, pressure, pain, and temperature. | What is the function of the primary somatosensory cortex? | 80 | |
| 5329698251 | temporal lobe | What lobe of the cerebrum lies inferior to the lateral sulcus? |  | 81 |
| 5329698252 | temporal lobe | What cerebral lobe functions in smell, hearing, interpreting speech and language? |  | 82 |
| 5329698253 | "temporal lobe | Where does the primary auditory cortex occur? |  | 83 |
| 5329698255 | Receive and process auditory inforamation | What is the function of the primary auditory cortex? | 84 | |
| 5329698256 | temporal lobe | Where does the olfactory cortex occur? |  | 85 |
| 5329698257 | Provide conscious awareness of smell. | What is the function of the olfactory cortex? | 86 | |
| 5329698258 | occipital lobe | What lobe of the cerebrum forms the most posterior region of each cerebral hemisphere? |  | 87 |
| 5329698259 | occipital lobe | Where does the primary visual cortex occur? |  | 88 |
| 5329698260 | visual processing & visual memories | What are the functions of the occipital lobe of the cerebrum? | 89 | |
| 5329698261 | primary visual cortex of the occipital lobe | Where is vision perceived? | 90 | |
| 5329698262 | Receive and process visual information. | What is the function of the primary visual cortex? | 91 | |
| 5329698263 | insula | What small, deep lobe of each cerebral hemisphere lies deep to the lateral sulcus? |  | 92 |
| 5329698264 | memory and interpretation of taste | What are the apparent functions of the small, deep lobe of each cerebral hemisphere that lies deep to the lateral sulcus? | 93 | |
| 5329698265 | insula | Where does the gustatory cortex occur? |  | 94 |
| 5329698266 | Processing of taste information. | What is the function of the gustatory cortex? | 95 | |
| 5329698267 | Process and interpret incoming data or coordinate a motor response. | What is the function of association areas within the cerebrum? | 96 | |
| 5329698268 | tracts | What are bundles of myelinated axons that lie deep to the cerebral cortex? | 97 | |
| 5329698269 | cerebral nuclei | What are paired, irregular masses of gray matter buried deep within the central white matter in the basal region of the cerebral hemispheres inferior to the floor of the lateral ventricle? |  | 98 |
| 5329698270 | "diencephalon | What part of the brain is composed of the epithalamus, right and left thalami, and the hypothalamus? |  | 99 |
| 5329698272 | epithalamus | What structure partially forms the posterior roof of the diencephalons and covers the third ventricle? |  | 100 |
| 5329698273 | thalamus | What are the paired structures on either side of the third ventricle? |  | 101 |
| 5329698274 | thalamus | "What region of the brain has the following functions? -To act as the principal and final relay point for sensory information that will be processed and projected to the primary sensory cortex. -To filter sensory information so that only a small portion of it goes to the cerebrum. -To inform the cerebrum as to where sensory information is coming from." |  | 102 |
| 5329698276 | hypothalamus | What part of the brain lies inferior to the thalamus? |  | 103 |
| 5329698277 | infundibulum | What structure attaches the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? |  | 104 |
| 5329698278 | hypothalamus | "What region of the brain has the following funtions? Master control of the ANS Master control of the endocrine system Regulation of body temperature Control of emotional behavior Control of food intake Control of water intake Regulation of sleep-wake (circadian) rhythms" | | 105 |
| 5329698285 | brainstem | The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata together form what part of the brain? |  | 106 |
| 5329698286 | midbrain | What is a synonym for mesencephalon? |  | 107 |
| 5329698287 | cerebral peduncles | Within the midbrain what are the motor tracts located on the anterolateral surfaces? |  | 108 |
| 5329698288 | corpora quadrigemina | Within the midbrain what is the "body of four twins"? |  | 109 |
| 5329698289 | superior colliculi | What are the "visual reflex centers" of the midbrain? |  | 110 |
| 5329698290 | inferior colliculi | What are the "auditory reflex centers" of the midbrain? |  | 111 |
| 5329698291 | pons | What is the bulging region on the anterior part of the brainstem? |  | 112 |
| 5329698292 | medulla oblongata | What is the most inferior part of the brainstem? |  | 113 |
| 5329698293 | cerebellum | What is the second largest part of the brain? | 114 | |
| 5329698294 | "cerebellar hemispheres | What are the right and left halves of the cerebellum? |  | 115 |
| 5329698296 | vermis | What wormlike structure of the cerebellum lies between the two cerebellar hemispheres? |  | 116 |
| 5329698297 | Cerebellum | What part of the brain coordinates and "fine-tunes" skeletal muscle movement and maintains equilibrium and posture? |  | 117 |
| 5329698298 | cerebellar peduncles | What thick tracts connect the cerebellum to the brainstem? |  | 118 |
