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Crisis of Imperial Order Test Flashcards

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9330302567Who is in decline in the late 19th century and was referred to as the "Sick man of Europe?The Ottoman Empire (Turkey)0
9330302568Who meddled in the affairs of the Ottoman Empire?European powers1
9330302569Who forced Sultan to make changes and Turkification of minorities?Young Turks2
9330302570Who protected the Slavs in the Ottoman Empire?Russia3
9330302571Who did the Turks hire to modernize Turkey's armed forces?A German general4
9330302572Nationalism, alliances, military plans, and Germany's yearning to dominate Europe were the 4 main causes of what?WW15
9330302573Nationalism united what while undermining multiethnic empires?Individual nations6
9330302574How did Nationalism view war?A crusade for liberty (revenge)7
9330302575What did the well to do believe about war?War could heal class decisions8
9330302576Who was in the Triple Alliance?Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy9
9330302577Who was in the Triple Entente?Britain, France, and Russia10
9330302578What did mobilization depend on?Railroads to move troops11
9330302579Who did Austria-Hungary declare war on, on July 28, 1948?Serbia12
9330302580What did the Alliance System mean about the war?It was automatic (one go to war, others help)13
9330302581What was odd about all the great WW1 leaders?Descendants of Queen Victoria14
9330302582What does the M in MANIA stand for?Militarism15
9330302583What does the A in MANIA stand for?Alliances16
9330302584What does the N in MANIA stand for?Nationialism17
9330302585What does the I in MANIA stand for?Imperialism18
9330302586What does the A in MANIA stand for?Assassination (King Ferdinand)19
9330302587What was the Western Front called?Trench Warfare20
9330302588For how many years was the war inclusive of land and sea?4 years21
9330302589Who was the British Navy's biggest threat?German subermines (U Boats)22
9330302590What was the new defensive system in WW1?Machine gun23
9330302591The materials demands of trench warfare led governments to impose what?Stringent controls24
9330302592Rationing and the recruitment of Africans, Indians, Chinese, and women into force transformed what?Civilian life25
9330302593Why did German civilians suffer?British naval blockade cut off access to essential food imports.26
9330302594Why was Germany having such a hard time?Crop failures, British Blockade, Turnip Winter, and imports favored the military27
9330302595Who split the German military into France and Russia?Schlieffen28
9330302596British and French forces overran what?Germany's African colonies (except for Tanganyika)29
9330302597In all of their African colonies Europeans made Africans do what?Food, imposed heavy taxes, forced Africans to grow export crops and sell them at low prices, and provide soldiers30
9330302598How did the US grow rich with Woodrow Wilson as president?Sold goods to Britain and France31
9330302599Where did African-American migrate in the United States?North32
9330302600How did Germany bring the Unites States into the War in April 1917?By attacking merchant convoys with unrestricted submarine warfare33
9330302601What else did Germany do to bring the United States into the war?Submarine warfare, Zimmerman Note34
9330302602Where was submarine warfare?Lusitania (1,198 died;139 Americans)35
9330302603What was the Zimmerman Note?From Germany to Embassy in Mexico to reconquer the United States36
9330302604What was the Battle of Jutland?British Navy and the German High Seas Fleet meet off of Denmark37
9330302605The Western Front was unevenly matched until the Germans did what?Pushed within 40 miles of Pairs38
9330302606Why did the Allies to counterattack in August 1918 with German unrestricted Warfare?The US arrived39
9330302607When did the Turks sign a secret alliance with Germany, hoping to gain land from Russia?Aug 2, 191440
9330302608The secret alliance between Germany and Russia causes who to be massacred?The Armenians in a death march41
9330302609What was the promised called that the British made to the Jews to create a homeland for Jews led by Theodore Herzl?Balfour Declaration (Palestine)42
9330302610British tried to defeat Turks by using Arabs because they feared what?Turks would close access to the West43
9330302611Whats wrong with Russia's large army?Poorly equipped44
9330302612Czar Nicholas II leads troops Alexandra in St. Petersburg with whom?The government45
9330302613What was true about the Russian government?Rasputin healed Alexis (heir to the throne), took over during French Revolution, Czar Nicholas ordered the execution, Czar wife and 3 dsughters were killed in a mass murder46
9330302614Provisionial government supported what?The war47
9330302615Who led the Bolsheviks vs Mensheviks?Vladimir Lenin48
9330302616What happened in the war of Bolsheviks vs Mensheviks?October Revolution take Petrograd (St. Petersburg), Surrendered to Germany, Land to the pheasants, Soviets, and Factories to the workers49
9330302617The Bolsheviks vs Mensheviks signed what treaty?Treaty of Brest-Litovsk50
9330302618What did The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk cause?Out of WW1 but lost land Poland and Finland51
9330302619What did people fear about The Soviet Union in 1922?Secret Police "chaka"52
9330302620The war left more dead, wounded and destruction than any previous conflict how many died?8-10 million (compare to WW2 not a lot)53
9330302621Refugees many fled to France and to the United States what was the preferred place to flee?The United States54
9330302622Because of the refugees what laws were passed?United States Congress passed immigration laws that closed the doors to Eastern and Southern Europeans55
9330302623Influenza Epidemic of 1918-1919 started with soldiers killing how many people?20 million56
9330302624Damage to the environment (Western Front) and hastened what?The build up of mines, factories, and railroads57
9330302625United States President Wilson, British Prime Minister David Lloyd George, and French Premier Georges Clemenceau, Italy Victorio Orlando were all what conference?Paris Peace Conference58
9330302626Why did the Treaty of Versailles humiliate Germany?"guilt cause", Germany pays other countries for damage, Loss of Territory, High tariffs enacted by the allies.59
9330302627What happened when the Empires collapsed?Countries were created in the lands lost by Russia, Germany, Ottoman Empire, Austria-Hungary60
9330302628What did Woodrow Wilson believe in?Self-determination ethnicity and languages Czechoslovakia-- Yugoslavia 191861
9330302629In what country were they in a civil war for 3 years after WW1?Russia62
9330302630What was the reason the communists won the Russian Revolution?Leon Trotsky's leadership with the Red Army63
93303026311922 Union of Soviet Socialist Republic who was executed?Vladimir Lenin was executed64
9330302632Beginning 1921 Lenin's New Economic Policy allowed what?Private ownership and all but the largest businesses65
9330302633Why was Lenin's New Economic Policy regarded as a temporary measure?Extracting resources as the pheasants pay for industrialization66
9330302634When Lenin was executed in January 1924 who were the two main contenders?Leon Trotsky and Joseph Stalin67
9330302635How was Stalin elected?Stalin filed the bureaucracy with his supporters, expelled Trotsky, and forced him to flee the country68
9330302636What was Stalin's moto?Socialism in one country69
9330302637The decade after the end of the war can be divided into what two periods?Five years of painful recovery and readjustment (1919-1923) followedyy by 6 years of growing peace and prosperity (1924-1929)70
9330302638What was China plagued by?Rapid growth (400 million)71
9330302639Japan had few what?Natural resources and arable land72
9330302640Above the peasantry Chinese society was divided among how many groups?Landowners, wealthy merchants, and foreigners.73
9330302641What does zaibatsu mean?Giant cooperation74
9330302642China's defeat in the Boxer affair of 1900 Chinese students to concluded what?China needs a revolution75
93303026431911 Sun Yatsen's, Revolutionary Alliance is formed an assembly and elected whom?Sun as president of China (this is the brief time of democracy in China)76
9330302644Japan is allied power in WW1 as an opportunity to conquer what?German colonies77
9330302645Who are Nationalist leaders?Guomindang, Sun Yatsen78
9330302646Who is the communist leader elected by listening to the peasants?Mao Zedung79
9330302647At the Paris Peace Conference the great powers allowed Japan to keep what?German enclaves in China80
9330302648How did China grow poorer?While only the treaty ports prospered81
9330302649Sun-Yatsen tried to make a comeback in Canton in the 1920's by reorganizing what?Guomindang party82
9330302650Sun's successor China Kai-shek crushed who?Warlords in 1927 (Nationialists for democracy)83
9330302651Chiang then split with and decimated who?Communist party84
9330302652Chiang's government was staffed by who?Corrupt oppurtunuites85
9330302653The Arab speaking territories of the former Ottoman Empire were what types of mandates?Class A Mandates and promised independence86
9330302654In practice, Britain took control of what countries?Palestine, Iraq, and Trans-Jordan, while France took Syria and Lebanon as its mandates87
9330302655Who is the hero of the Gallipoli campaign?Mustava Kemal88
9330302656What did Mustave Kemal form?A nationalist government in 1919 and formed a secular republic in Turkey (former Ottoman Empire) --Progressive reforms89
9330302657Among the Arab people, the thinly disguised colonialism of the Mandate System set off what?Protests and rebellions90
9330302658The British allowed Iraq to become independent under who?King Faisal91
9330302659France crushed nationalist uprisings where?Lebanon and Syria92
9330302660Britain declared Egypt to be independent in 1922 but retained control through its alliance with whom?King Farouk-- phony independence93
9330302661In the Palestine Mandate, the British tried to limit tbe wave of Jewish immigration that began in 1920, but only succeeded in alienating who?Jews and Arabs (Unauthorized immigrants were not deported)94
9330302662What is the significance of 11/11/1918?It is when the armistice was signed by the Allies of WW1 and Germany to end the war.95
9330302663What is a gulag?Russian concentration camps made by Stalin.96

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