Flashcards for Midterm Critical Period and the Constitutional Convention
Terms : Hide Images
| A new set of laws proposed by the Continental Congress suggesting a new type of government, a confederation or alliance. 2 levels of government sharing fundamental powers, state and national. | ||
| National Government had the power to declare war, make peace, and sign treaties, borrow and produce money, establish postal service, and deal with Indians. | ||
| Congress could not enact and collect taxes, regulate interstate (trade between states) or foreign trade. Each state had only one vote regardless of population. Needed two thirds majority (9 out of 13 states) to pass any law. The Articles of the Confederation could be amended only if the states approved. There was no Executive Branch to enforce the laws. There was no Court System to settle disputes. There were 13 separate states-lacked national unity. No money/no power to get it. Unanimity. | ||
| Uprising led by Daniel Shays in an effort to prevent courts from foreclosing on the farms of those who could not pay the taxes. Caused many to criticize Articles of Confederation. | ||
| Meeting of delegates in 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation, which produced the new U.S. Constitution. | ||
| Called for a two-house Congress with each state's representation based on state population. | ||
| Called for a one-house Congress in which each state had equal representation. One-house Congress could tax and regulate commerce more. | ||
| Suggested by Roger Sherman from Connecticut. A two house Congress to satisfy both small and big states. Each state would have equal representation in the senate or upper house. The size of the population of each state would determine representatives in the House of Representatives or lower house. Allowed voters to choose representatives of house. | ||
| Called for three fifths of a states slaves to be counted as population. | ||
| -Strong central government vs. strong states -Large states vs. small states -North vs. South | ||
| Ultimate power of a government to make people do things they don't want to do like pay taxes or enter the military. The U.S. Constitution gave our country's government the power to do this. | ||
| This collection of essays by John Jay, Alexander Hamilton, and James Madison, explained the importance of a strong central government. It was published to convince New York to ratify the Constitution. | ||
| They did not support a strong central government. They believed power would be abused if they had a strong central government. | ||
| The Legislative Branch | ||
| The Executive Branch | ||
| The Judicial Branch | ||
| The clause gives Congress opportunities to stretch its authority to deal with changing needs of the nation. | ||
| makes the laws | ||
| Enforces laws | ||
| interprets the laws | ||
| The clause establishes the Constitution, Federal Statutes, and U.S. treaties as "the supreme law of the land". | ||
| A system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power. (Executive branch checks on the legislative branch and can veto bills and propose legislation). | ||
| First 10 amendments of the Const. 1st 9 limited Congress' Power, the 10th gave states the power to make laws not included in the Constitution. | ||
| Religious and political freedom | ||
| Right to bear arms | ||
| Freedom from quartering troops | ||
| Freedom against unreasonable search and seizure | ||
| Rights to accused persons | ||
| Right to a speedy, public trial | ||
| Right to a trial by jury | ||
| Limits on fines and punishments | ||
| Rights of the people | ||
| Powers of states and the people | ||
| A group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president. | ||
| A system in which power is divided between the national and state governments | ||
| Sovereignty rests within the government. When the government power is divided sovereignty minimizes. |
