AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

Culture (AP HUG) Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
15183176712Folk CultureCulture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.0
15183182380popular cultureCulture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.1
15183186042Local CultureA group of people in a particular place who see themselves as a collective or a community, who share experiences, customs, and traits, and who work to preserve those traits and customs in order to claim uniqueness and to distinguish themselves from others.2
15183189093material culturethe art, housing, clothing, sports, dances, foods, and other similar items constructed or created by a group of people3
15183195231nonmaterial cultureThe beliefs, practices, aesthetics, and values of a group of people.4
15183199663Culture Traits Examplesactivities and behaviors that are repeatedly practiced in a culture (people). ◦ religion, language, art, education, sports, food, music, fashion, entertainment, tradition, holidays, architecture, transportation,5
15183207241AcculturationThe adoption of cultural traits, such as language, by one group under the influence of another.6
15183210543cultural syncretismThe blending of elements of cultures; also referred to as hybridization or acculturation.7
15183220606cultural appropriationthe process by which cultures adopt customs and knowledge from other cultures and use them for their own benefit8
15183225540NeolocalismThe seeking out of the regional culture and reinvigoration of it in response to the uncertainty of the modern world. (Lindsborg KS)9
15183233457Ethnic Neighborhoodan area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background10
15183239664Commodificationthe process though which something is given monetary value (Dream Catchers)11
15183250778Authenticity of PlaceThe accuracy of a place to have traditional values and customs particular to that area - Panda Express vs. Real Chinese Food12
15183263235Assimilationthe social process of absorbing one cultural group into harmony with another13
15183271900Reterritorializationwith respect to popular culture, when people within a place start to produce an aspect of popular culture themselves, doing so in the context of their local culture and making it their own (Rap in France)14
15183285052Placelessness (uniform landscape)the loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next (Chain stores and restaurants)15
15183294468folk-housing regionsFred Kniffen researched house types and their diffusion in North America and found that 3 regions have these houses: (1)New England, (2) Mid-Atlantic, and (3) Lower Chesapeake Bay. The diffusion streams created the regions. EX) (1) Saltbox, two-chimney, Cape Cod, Front Wing, and Gable. (2) I-house, Tidewater. (3) Shotgun16
15183306107built environmentThe man-made surroundings that provide the setting for human activity, ranging in scale from personal shelter to neighborhoods to the large-scale civic surroundings.17
15183312667Genderthe socially constructed roles and characteristics by which a culture defines male and female18
15183318015identityour sense of self; according to Erikson, the adolescent's task is to solidify a sense of self by testing and integrating various roles19
15183322347RaceA group of human beings distinguished by physical traits, blood types, genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics.20
15183333093RacismBelief that one race is superior to another21
15183383190residential segregationDefined by Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton as "the degree to which two or more groups live separately from one another, in different parts of the urban environment."22
15183388656invasion and successionProcess by which new immigrants to a city move to and dominate or take over areas or neighborhoods occupied by older immigrant groups.23
15183394517EthnicityIdentity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.24
15183405388GenderedIn terms of a place, whether the place is designed for or claimed by men or women25
15183410948Dowry deathsIn the context of arranged marriages in India, disputes over the price to be paid by the family of the bride to the father of the groom (the dowry) have, in some extreme cases, led to the death of the bride26
15183430973ethnic enclavea small area occupied by a distinctive minority culture27
15183438143EthnocentrismBelief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.28
15183447741plural societya society in which different cultural groups keep their own identity, beliefs, and traditions29
15183451258Segregationseparation of the races30
15183463382languageour spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning31
15183465717DialectA regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.32
15183475211language familiesGroup of languages with a shared but fairly distant origin33
15183478417Subfamilies (language)divisions within a language family where the commonalities are more definite and the origin is more recent34
15183487371lingua francaa language used among speakers of different languages for the purposes of trade and commerce35
15183499354pidgin languageWhen parts of two or more languages are combined in a simplified structure and vocabulary36
15183509919Creole languagea language that began as a pidgin language but was later adopted as the mother tongue by a people in a place of the mother tongue37
15183514673monolingualspeaking or writing only one language38
15183517580multilingualspeaking several languages39
15183517581Toponymplace name40
15183524288Indo-European languagesa family (or phylum) of several hundred related languages and dialects,[1] including most major languages of Europe, Iran, and northern India, and historically also predominant in Anatolia and Central Asia.41
15183526824Religionthe belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods.42
15183530434SecularismA doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations.43
15183538492Universalizing ReligionA religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location.44
15183542278ethnic religiona religion that is particular to one culturally distinct group of people45
15183550504animist religionsreligions in which people believe in the presence of the spirits and forces of nature46
15183553881HinduismA religion native to India, featuring belief in many gods and reincarnation47
15183558827BuddhismBelief system that started in India in the 500s BC. Happiness can be achieved through removal of one's desires. Believers seek enlightenment and the overcoming of suffering.48
15183566475Sikhismthe doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam49
15183570417Christianitythe religion based on the person and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth, or its beliefs and practices.50
15183574213IslamA religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.51
15183582206Judaismthe monotheistic religion of the Jews.52
15183585266TaosimA religion that stressed the importance of harmony in nature and inner peace. Founded by Lao-tzu in China.53
15183611873ZionismA movement to create a Jewish homeland in Palestine54
15183614832ProtestantChristians who belonged to non-Catholic churches55
15183618255Eastern Orthodoxthis Christian religion broke away from the Roman church when it would not accept the authority of the Pope as the head of the church; located in Eastern Europe and Russia56
15183625186SunniA branch of Islam whose members acknowledge the first four caliphs as the rightful successors of Muhammad57
15183631453Shiathe branch of Islam whose members acknowledge Ali and his descendants as the rightful successors of Muhammad58
15183635790Shamanismcommunity faith in traditional societies in which people follow their shaman59
15183647201PilgrimageA journey to a place considered sacred for religious purposes.60
15183650233Sacred Sitesplace or space people infuse with religious meaning61
15183654174interfaith boundariesboundaries between the world's major faiths62
15183657618intrafaith boundariesboundaries within a single major faith63
15183686692Catholic ChurchBranch of Christianity established in 1054 and establishes itself in Western Europe. Noted for its separation from the political sphere, celibacy in its clergy, and instance of the bishop of Rome, or pope, as its ultimate authority in Christian belief and practice.64

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!