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| 4611255207 | Beadle and Tatum | one gene one enzyme hypothesis using Neurospora |  | 0 |
| 4611260366 | Garrod | inborn error of metabolism study with alkaptonura |  | 1 |
| 4611478180 | Griffith | transformed R strain into S strain in mice |  | 2 |
| 4611480893 | Hershey and Chase | used S labeled protein and P labeled DNA to show DNA is essential for bacteriophage replication |  | 3 |
| 4611489044 | adenine, guanine | purines |  | 4 |
| 4611489932 | cytosine and thymine | pyrimidines |  | 5 |
| 4611491149 | ribose | sugar found in RNA |  | 6 |
| 4611491439 | deoxyribose | sugar found in DNA |  | 7 |
| 4611494969 | monomer of DNA | nucleotide |  | 8 |
| 4611495670 | components of a nucleotide | nitrogenous base, phosphate, pentose sugar |  | 9 |
| 4611499324 | phosphodiester bond | covalent bond connecting nucleotides together |  | 10 |
| 4611503100 | antiparallel structure | one strand 3' to 5' and other strand 5' to 3' |  | 11 |
| 4611507639 | Chargaff's rules | A pairs with T and G pairs with C |  | 12 |
| 4611509294 | Rosalind Frankin | X ray crystallography study | 13 | |
| 4611527745 | Watson and Crick | built scale model of DNA |  | 14 |
| 4611529629 | Hydrogen bonds | how DNA strands are held together |  | 15 |
| 4611537932 | Meselson and Stahl | experiment to support semiconservative replication |  | 16 |
| 4619950496 | DNA helicase | unwinds helix by breaking hydrogen bonds |  | 17 |
| 4619952146 | helix destabilizing proteins | keep DNA strands unwound during replication |  | 18 |
| 4619957561 | DNA polymerase | creates new DNA strand in 5' to 3' direction using nucleotide triphosphates |  | 19 |
| 4619960011 | leading strand | new DNA strand made continuously |  | 20 |
| 4619960561 | lagging strand | new DNA strand made discontinuously in short segments called Okazaki fragments |  | 21 |
| 4619962108 | ligase | connects the Okazaki fragments together |  | 22 |
| 4619964432 | RNA primer | needed in order for DNA polymerase to start making new strand |  | 23 |
| 4619966744 | replication fork | unwinding of DNA helix at origin of replication |  | 24 |
| 4619968106 | bidirectional replication | replication forks move to left and right at same time |  | 25 |
| 4619970954 | prokaryote | one circular double stranded chromosome |  | 26 |
| 4619971367 | eukaryote | many linear double stranded chromosomes twisted around histones |  | 27 |
| 4619974894 | topoisomerase | enzyme that repairs knotted DNA |  | 28 |
| 4619977328 | B DNA | form of DNA studied by Watson and Crick; right handed twist |  | 29 |
