Terms : Hide Images
| 54152406 | William Wilberforce | British statesman and reformer; leader of abolitionist movement in English parliament that led to end of English slave trade in 1807. | 0 | |
| 54152407 | Goa | Portuguese port in India | 1 | |
| 54152408 | Batvia | Dutch port on the island of Java | 2 | |
| 54152409 | Manila | Spanish port in the Phillipines | 3 | |
| 54152410 | Bombay | Portugese port in India (eventually taken over by the British) | 4 | |
| 54152411 | Macao and Caton | the two places in China where Europeans were allowed to trade | 5 | |
| 54152412 | humanism | a system of thought that focuses on the nature, ideals, and achievements of human beings, rather than on the divine (cultural movement of the Renaissance) | 6 | |
| 54152413 | Johannes Gutenberg | German printer who was the first in Europe to print using movable type and the first to use a press (1400-1468) (published the first Bible in 1455) | 7 | |
| 54152414 | importance of the printing press | increased amount of books and literacy rate | 8 | |
| 54152415 | Martin Luther | a German monk who became one of the most famous critics of the Roman Catholic Chruch. In 1517, he wrote 95 theses, or statements of belief attacking the church practices. Created Lutherenism | 9 | |
| 54152416 | Henry VIII | English king who created the Church of England after the Pope refused to annul his marriage (divorce with Church approval) | 10 | |
| 54152417 | Counter Reformation | the reaction of the Roman Catholic Church to the Reformation reaffirming the veneration of saints and the authority of the Pope (to which Protestants objected) | 11 | |
| 54152418 | Jesuits | an order of regular clergy, founded by Saint Ignatius of Loyola in 1534, that is strongly committed to education, theological scholarship, and missionary work | 12 | |
| 54152419 | importance of Jesuits | led to a stricter training system and higher expectations of morality for the clergy | 13 | |
| 54152420 | Seven Years War | French and Indian War (between British and French); Britain got dominance of the New World because it won | 14 | |
| 54152421 | salutary neglect | the policy of leaving the colonies alone | 15 | |
| 54152422 | mercantilism | the focus of trying to get more money coming in; major motivation for colonization | 16 | |
| 54152423 | Treaty of Tordesillas | Set the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas. | 17 | |
| 54229768 | joint-stock companies | an association of individuals in a business enterprise with transferable shares of stock, much like a corporation except that stockholders are liable for the debts of the business (pretty much a lot of people that share a business and get equal amounts of profit/debt) | 18 | |
| 54229769 | importance of joint-stock companies | became the predecessor for the modern stock market; merchant class grew | 19 | |
| 54229770 | proletariat | lower social class with no real wealth; hurt by the economic change in this time period | 20 | |
| 54229771 | bourgeoisie | middle class that emerged during the early modern era; mostly in France | 21 | |
| 54229772 | capitalism | an economic system based on private ownership of business | 22 | |
| 54229773 | Nzinga Mvemba | King of Kongo south of Zaire River from 1507 to 1543; converted to Christianity and took title Alfonso I; under Portuguese influence attempted to Christianize all of kingdom. | 23 | |
| 54229774 | Bartolome de las Casas | popular monk in the New World; fought for Native American rights, and suggested that Africans should be used as slave labor instead | 24 | |
| 54229775 | conquistadors | Spanish soldiers and explorers who led military expeditions in the Americas and captured land for Spain | 25 | |
| 54229776 | viceroys | appointed governors of each of the five regions of New Spain | 26 | |
| 54229777 | letrados | university-trained lawyers from Spain; held the judicial power in New Spain | 27 | |
| 54229778 | audencias | under the viceroys in the New World government; made and applied law (10 for each of the two viceroyalties for 20 total) | 28 | |
| 54229779 | sociedad de castas | New Spain social system | 29 | |
| 54229780 | mestizos | people with European and Native American ancestry | 30 | |
| 54229781 | mulattos | people with European and African ancestry | 31 | |
| 54229782 | peninsulares | Spanish officials sent from Spain to govern the colonies | 32 | |
| 54229783 | creoles | people born in the colonies to European parents | 33 | |
| 54229784 | order of sociedad de castas | peninsulares, creoles, mestizos, mullatos, Native Amercians/Africans | 34 | |
| 54229785 | Middle Passage | a voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies; high mortality rate for Africans | 35 | |
| 54242067 | plantations | large estates where a single crop (usually sugarcane) that increased the need for enslaved labor in the Americas | 36 | |
| 54242068 | haciendas | Rural estates in Spanish colonies in New World; produced agricultural products for consumers in America; basis of wealth and power for local aristocracy. | 37 | |
| 54242069 | mita | in the Incan empire the requirement that all able-bodied subjects work for the state a certain number of days each year; practice carried on by Spanish | 38 | |
| 54242070 | encomiendas | system where grants of Indian laborers were made to Spanish conquerors and settlers in New Spain; basis for slavery in the Americas | 39 | |
| 54242071 | indentured servitude | person who agreed to work for a colonial employer for a specified time in exchange for passage to America | 40 | |
| 54242072 | Mateo Ricci | Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity | 41 | |
| 54242073 | Ivan III | (the Great) created a strong army to free Russia from the Mongols; took title of tsar ("Ceasar") | 42 | |
| 54242074 | Ivan IV | (the Terrible) confirmed power of tsarist autocracy by attacking authority of boyars; continued policy of Russian expansion; de-isolated Russia | 43 | |
| 54242075 | ghazi | a Muslim warrior who has fought to expand the frontiers of the Muslim state | 44 | |
| 54242076 | janissaries | Ottoman technique for building armies by enslaving children of Christians and training them to be fighting warriors | 45 | |
| 54242077 | millet system | divided regions in the Ottoman Empire by religion (Orthodox Christians, Jews, Armenian Christians, Muslims). Leaders of each group supported the Sultan in exchange for power over their group | 46 | |
| 54242078 | vizier | a high official in a Muslim government (especially in the Ottoman Empire) | 47 | |
| 54242079 | Akbar the Great | leader that wanted to unite all of India; modernized the military; religiously tolerant; encouraged widow remarriage; discouraged child marriage; outlawed sati (most reforms were done away after his death) | 48 | |
| 54242080 | Sikhism | the doctrines of a monotheistic religion founded in northern India in the 16th century by Guru Nanak and combining elements of Hinduism and Islam | 49 | |
| 54242081 | Taj Mahal | built under Akbar to honor wife's death | 50 | |
| 54242082 | Zheng He | court official responsible for Ming exploration | 51 | |
| 54242083 | Oda Nobunaga | Japanese daimyo that used guns to dispose of the Ashikaga shogun in 1513; unified some of Japan; let Christians into Japan | 52 | |
| 54242084 | Toyotomi Hideyoshi | suceeded Nobunaga; expelled Christian missionaries and prosecuted the converts; tried to conquer Korea but failed; continued efforts to break the power of the daimyos | 53 | |
| 54242085 | Tokugawa Ieyasu | suceeded Hideyoshi; established Tokugawa shogunate and political unity in Japan; limited European contact to Dutch trade on Deishma Island | 54 | |
| 54242086 | Manila galleons | heavily armed, fast ships that brought luxury goods from China to Mexico and carried silver from Mexico to China | 55 |
