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| 310372024 | Ottomans | Turkic people who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350s; conquered large part of Balkans; unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from Balkans that included most of Arab world. | 0 | |
| 310372025 | Mehmed II | Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire. | 1 | |
| 310372026 | Janissaries | Infantry, originally of slave origin, armed with firearms and constituting the elite of the Ottoman army from the fifteenth century until the corps was abolished in 1826 | 2 | |
| 310372027 | Vizier | Head of the Ottoman bureaucracy; after the 15th century often more powerful than the sultan. | 3 | |
| 310372028 | Chaldiran | Important battle between the Safavids and Ottomans in 1514; Ottoman victory demonstrated the importance of firearms and checked the western advance of their Shi'ite state. | 4 | |
| 310372029 | Mullahs | Local mosque officials and prayer leaders within the Safavid Empire; agents of Safavid religious campaign to convert all of population to Shi'ism | 5 | |
| 310372030 | Imams | spiritual leaders of Shi'ite Islam, said to be direct descendents of Muhammad | 6 | |
| 310372031 | Akbar | The greatest of the Mughald Emperors. Second half of 1500s. Descendant of Timur. Consolidated power over northern India. Religiously tolerant. Patron of arts, including large mural paintings. | 7 | |
| 310372032 | Din-i-Ilahi | Religion initiated by Akbar in Mughal India; blended elements of the many faiths of the subcontinent; key to efforts to reconcile Hindu and Muslims in India, but failed. | 8 | |
| 310372033 | Sati | the traditional practice of burning a widow on her husband's funeral pyre | 9 | |
| 310372034 | Shah Jahan | the fifth Mogul emperor of India. During his reign, from 1628 to 1658, the Mogul Empire reached its zenith in prosperity and luxury. He is remembered as the builder of the Taj Mahal. | 10 | |
| 310372035 | Aurangzeb | Mughal emperor in India and great-grandson of Akbar 'the Great', under whom the empire reached its greatest extent, only to collapse after his death | 11 | |
| 310372036 | Factories | Portuguese trading fortresses and compounds with resident merchants; utilized throughout Portuguese trading empire to assure secure landing places and commerce. | 12 | |
| 310372037 | El Mina | Most important of early Portuguese trading factories in forest zone of Africa | 13 | |
| 310372038 | Royal African Company | A trading company chartered by the English government in 1672 to conduct its merchants' trade on the Atlantic coast of Africa | 14 | |
| 310372039 | Indies Piece | A unit in the complex exchange system of the west African trade; based on the value of an adult male slave. | 15 | |
| 310372040 | Triangular Trade | A three way system of trade during 1600-1800s Africa sent slaves to America, America sent Raw Materials to Europe, and Europe sent Guns and Rum to Africa | 16 | |
| 310372041 | Usuman Dan Fodio | Muslim Fulani leader who launched a great religious movement among the Hausa | 17 | |
| 310372042 | Mfecane | Wars of 19th century in southern Africa; created by Zulu expansion under Shaka; revolutionized political organization of southern Africa. | 18 | |
| 310372043 | Shaka | A Zulu chief in Southern Africa who used soldiers and good military organization to create a large centralized state. | 19 | |
| 310372044 | Benin | a country on western coast of Africa | 20 | |
| 310372045 | Great Trek | Movement of Boer settlers in Cape Colony of southern Africa to escape influence of British colonial government in 1834; led to settlement of regions north of Orange River and Natal. | 21 | |
| 310372046 | Middle Passage | The route in between the western ports of Africa to the Caribbean and southern U.S. that carried the slave trade | 22 | |
| 310372047 | Candomble | African religious practices in Brazil among the Yoruba. | 23 | |
| 310372048 | Vodun | African religious ideas and practices among descendants of African slaves in Haiti. | 24 | |
| 310372049 | Goa | Island off the coast of India that was the base of Portuguese trade | 25 | |
| 310372050 | Ormuz | Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located at the southern end of the Persian Gulf; site for forcible entry into the Asian sea trade network | 26 | |
| 310372051 | Malacca | Port city in the modern Southeast Asian country of Malaysia, founded about 1400 as a trading center on the Strait of Malacca. | 27 | |
| 310372052 | Batavia | Fort established ca. 1619 as headquarters of Dutch East India Company operations in Indonesia; today the city of Jakarta. | 28 | |
| 310372053 | Hongwu | First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zhu Yuanzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar-gentry | 29 | |
| 310372054 | Zhenghe | Chinese Muslim admiral who commanded a series of expeditions to the Indian ocean, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea between 1405 and 1433. | 30 | |
| 310372055 | Manchus | Northeast Asian peoples who defeated the Ming Dynasty and founded the Qing Dynasty in 1644, which was the last of China's imperial dynasties. | 31 | |
| 310372056 | Jurchens | Founders of Qin kingdom that succeeded the Liao in northern China; annexed most of the Yellow River basin and forced Song to flee to south. | 32 | |
| 310372057 | Matteo Ricci | Italian Jesuit who wanted to convert China to Christianity during the Ming dynasty | 33 | |
| 310372058 | Nobunaga | (1534-1582) Japenese daimyo; first to make extensive use of firearms; in 1573 deposed last of Ashikaga shoguns; unified much of central Honshu under his command | 34 | |
| 310372059 | Toyotomi Hideyoshi | The predecessor of Tokugawa; succeeded Nobunaga Oda and laid the foundations of the Tokugawa shogunate | 35 | |
| 310372060 | Tokugawa Ieayasu | ruled early 17th century, last of military leaders, established tokugawa bakufu | 36 | |
| 310372061 | Edo | the capital and largest city of Japan | 37 | |
| 310372062 | Deshima | Island in Nagasaki Bay; only port open to non-Japanese after closure of the islands in the 1640s; only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter. | 38 | |
| 310372063 | Chongzhen | Last of the Ming emperors; committed suicide in 1644 in the face of a Jurchen invasion of the Forbidden City at Beijing. | 39 |
