Chapter 6 of Bentley's Traditions and Encounters
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| 65548560 | Olmecs | "the rubber people". They lived near the Gulf of Mexico around 1200 BCE-400 BCE. They built elaborate complexes, pyramids, and colossal human heads. They traded (imported) jade and obsidian. Towards their decline, their ceremonial centers were systematically destroyed. | 0 | |
| 65548561 | Early agriculture | Beans, squashes, chilis, and later maize | 1 | |
| 65548562 | Influence of the Olmecs | Maize, ceremonial centers, human sacrifice, the calendar, and the ball game | 2 | |
| 65548563 | Maya | Lived in the highlands of Guatemala. Cultivated maize, tobacco, and cotton. Warfare was an important aspect of their lives. | 3 | |
| 65548564 | Tikal | The most important Maya political center from 300 CE to 900 CE | 4 | |
| 65548565 | Mayan social classes | 1) Kings, priests, and nobility. 2) Merchants/ambassadors. 3) Professional architects and artisans. 4) Peasants and slaves. | 5 | |
| 65548566 | Mayan calendar | A 52-year cycle that interwove both solar and ritual years. | 6 | |
| 65548567 | Mayan writing | It was both ideographic and syllabic | 7 | |
| 65548568 | Popol Vuh | A Maya creation myth that taught that the gods created humans out of maize an water. | 8 | |
| 65548569 | Teotihuacan | A city located in the highlands of Mexico. Its high point was between 400 and 600 CE. It was dominated by rulers and priests. Their artisans were known for their obsidian tools and orange pottery. Extensive trade took place, but there's no sign of military organization or conquest. In the mid-700's it was sacked and destroyed. | 9 | |
| 65548570 | Early crops in South America | Beans, peanuts, sweet potatoes, and cotton | 10 | |
| 65548571 | Chavin cult | 900-300 BCE. During this time Andean societies devised techniques of producing cotton textiles and fishing nets; discovered gold, silver, and copper metallurgy, and after this cities appeared. | 11 | |
| 65548572 | writing | Early Andean societies, however, did not have __________ . | 12 | |
| 65548573 | Mochica | An Andean society (300-700 CE) in northern Peru. It had irrigation, trade, and a military but no writing. However, they are known for their paintings on pottery and ceramics | 13 | |
| 65548975 | Lapita society | 1500-500 BCE from New Guinea to Tonga. Agricultural villages. They had pottery with geometric designs. They also had trade and communication networks. (They traded potter, obsidian, shells, and tools.) These networks declined after 500 BCE. They had divine/semi-divine chiefs who led public rituals and oversaw irrigation. | 14 |
